This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"It might sound like bad advice, but for Japanese men, eating a high-carb diet could actually be a good thing—only, it depends on the type of carb. Because eating too much of the wrong ones could have dire consequences. These are the findings reported by Professor Chisato Nagata and colleagues from the Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan—recipients of the inaugural British Journal of Nutrition Paper of the Year award. Their paper, published in volume 122, issue 7 of BJN, describes a subset of results from the Takayama Study. The study was launched in 1992 to link dietary and lifestyle factors to morbidity from cancer and other diseases. Participants filled out a questionnaire at baseline on how frequently they ate various foods..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"This video is based on a preprint. Preprints are preliminary reports that have not undergone peer review. They should not be considered conclusive, used to inform clinical practice, or referenced by the media as validated information. As the COVID-19 pandemic wages on, scientific research is uncovering multiple forces that alter the spread of the disease. One enhancing factor could be air pollution. Researchers at the University of Cambridge recently linked COVID-19 to air pollution levels in England, where more than 45,000 patients have died of COVID-19. Initial findings revealed that regional variations in nitrogen oxide and ozone in particular could predict COVID-19 cases and deaths. The risk of infection was found to be increased by exposure to particulate matter (PM). Such pollution can lead to increased inflammation in the lungs or even help carry the virus that causes COVID-19 across large distances..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This course addresses the challenges of defining a relationship between exposure to environmental chemicals and human disease. Course topics include epidemiological approaches to understanding disease causation; biostatistical methods; evaluation of human exposure to chemicals, and their internal distribution, metabolism, reactions with cellular components, and biological effects; and qualitative and quantitative health risk assessment methods used in the U.S. as bases for regulatory decision-making. Throughout the term, students consider case studies of local and national interest.

This course addresses the challenges of defining a relationship between exposure to environmental chemicals and human disease. Course topics include epidemiological approaches to understanding disease causation; biostatistical methods; evaluation of human exposure to chemicals, and their internal distribution, metabolism, reactions with cellular components, and biological effects; and qualitative and quantitative health risk assessment methods used in the U.S. as bases for regulatory decision-making. Throughout the term, students consider case studies of local and national interest.

The study of populations and demographics is explained in detail in this introductory series by Professor David Coleman, Professor of Demography. Using statistics gathered from censuses, parish records and other sources, Professor Coleman looks at the ways in which populations rise and fall through history. This series is at an introductory level and individuals need no prior knowledge of analyzing statistics or mathematics.

In this lecture we’ll discuss the role of inflammation in type 2 diabetes. In patients with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular complications are of particular interest, as these are mainly responsible for the increase of mortality and obesity in diabetic patients compared with healthy subjects. In continuation of this and in order to understand why diabetes is an inflammatory disease, we’ll provide an introduction to the acute phase response.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This course examines the growing importance of medicine in culture, economics and politics. It uses an historical approach to examine the changing patterns of disease, the causes of morbidity and mortality, the evolution of medical theory and practice, the development of hospitals and the medical profession, the rise of the biomedical research industry, and the ethics of health care in America.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Statins are the first-line treatment for hypercholesterolemia in patients at high risk for cardiovascular mortality. But some patients require additional LDL cholesterol lowering to reach risk-stratified LDL-cholesterol levels or to further reduce cardiovascular risk. Clinical trials have demonstrated that the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab effectively lowers LDL cholesterol and is well tolerated. A new analysis of data from a subset of these trials extends these findings by evaluating LDL cholesterol lowering in patients receiving different evolocumab dosage regimens. Researchers performed a pooled analysis of data from four randomized 12-week phase 3 clinical trials comparing evolocumab to placebo or ezetimibe. Two subcutaneous evolocumab dosage regimens were examined: 140 mg every two weeks, and 420 mg monthly. Patients received evolocumab either as monotherapy or with background lipidlowering therapies, consisting of a statin alone or with ezetimibe..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Microbiome changes are linked to health in many animals, but the exact mechanisms are not known particularly in non-model organisms, like ostriches. Farmed ostriches have high neonatal mortality, primarily driven by gastrointestinal disease. A new study explored the possible role of microbiome patterns in growing captive ostriches. To do this, researchers examined the gut flora of several intestinal regions and sampled environmental bacteria. Individuals that succumbed to gastroenteritis had dramatically lower microbial diversity than age-matched controls, particularly in the ileum. The cecal and colon microbiomes of healthy individuals were similar to each other across hosts and ages, but diseased individuals had major disruptions. There was no evidence the taxa associated with mortality infiltrated from the environment at the onset of disease. Instead, they were present in the gut shortly after hatching and proliferated in individuals with low microbial diversity..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This 5-day unit will teach students about patterns/trends in mortality as they look at what is causing health issues around the world and local health disparities within their own city. Students will explore factors that influence mortality and how local and global communities are improving their health. Students will ultimately analyze the health indicators within their own community and pick a “Healthy People 2030” objective to help achieve through civic action.

This is a powerpoint presentation on "Growth Rate As A Factor Determining The population Density" prepared by Shalini Tudu a PhD Scholar [Zoology]. The contents of the ppt have been referred from various websites and the images have been taken from google. Also at the end of the ppt the references are mentioned in order to thank the respective websites for their contributions.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Laying hens are predominantly kept in small battery cages. These cages are so small, in fact, that the birds usually cannot extend their wings or exhibit other natural behaviors like foraging and nesting. Public criticism of this practice is driving egg producers to change to higher welfare cage-free aviaries. But there have been some claims that cage-free systems could have higher mortality rates than battery cages. A recent meta-analysis used data from 6,040 commercial flocks – 176 million birds – spanning 16 countries to investigate this claim. They found that, while mortality in cage-free flocks was higher in the past, it decreased over time. In fact, data from recent years shows no difference in mortality between caged and cage-free systems. The decrease in mortality likely reflects an increase in flock managers' experience. More research is needed into causes of death in different egg production systems..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Researchers have identified a gene important to the growth and spread of gastric cancer, opening the door to new understanding of this deadly disease. The gene, known as SIX1, has been implicated in disease progression in several cancers, but its link to gastric cancer wasn’t clear. This ambiguity prompted researchers at China Medical University to take a closer look at the role of SIX1 in gastric cancer cells. The team started by measuring SIX1 protein expression in gastric tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissue collected from 208 patients. They found high levels of SIX1 in nearly half the tumor samples and virtually none in the non-cancerous tissue – a pattern suggesting that SIX1 is an important biomarker for gastric cancer. This notion was supported by the finding that patients with higher levels of SIX1 had more advanced disease than those with moderate SIX1 expression..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Critically ill COVID-19 patients under invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) are at greatly increased risk of death compared to the general population. While some drivers of COVID-19 disease progression, such as inflammation and hypercoagulability, have been identified, they do not completely explain the mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients, making a search for overlooked factors necessary. A recent study examined the virome of tracheal aspirates from 25 COVID-19 patients under IMV. These samples were compared to tracheal aspirates from non-COVID patients and nasopharyngeal swabs from individuals with mild COVID-19. Critically ill COVID-19 patients had elevated expression of human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K), and elevated HERV-K expression in tracheal aspirate and plasma was associated with early mortality in those same patients. Among deceased patients, HERV-K expression was associated with IL-17-related inflammation, monocyte activation, and increased consumption of clotting factors..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"An effective, tightly regulated immune response is critical for patients to recover from viral infections like COVID-19. Understanding immune regulation can allow researchers to develop better therapeutics and management techniques for patients. One class of factors involved with immune regulation are soluble immune mediators, which play roles in the dynamic interactions between ligands and membrane-bound receptors. Normally, soluble immune mediators help maintain and restore health after pathological events, but sometimes their dysregulation causes pathology instead. SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts many of these soluble immune mediators and, through them, many physiological processes. Thus, dysregulated shifts in the concentration of some of these molecules could be playing a significant role in COVID-19 severity and mortality..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Map of Asia color coded by infant mortality rate broken down by nation or subnational units (akin to US states or Canadian provinces). Shows the international differences, but also shows the (less substantial) differences within nations. The categories for the color coding have been changed slightly from the international standards to better fit the situation in Asia.

Map of Europe color coded by infant mortality rate broken down by nation or subnational units (akin to US states or Canadian provinces). Shows the international differences, but also shows the (less substantial) differences within nations. The categories for the color coding have been changed from the international standards to differentiate among the universally low infant mortality rates across Europe.

Life expectancy data for nearly all countries, most for every year from 2005 and 2008. Life expectancy in many countries varies widely from the world average of 69 years which is increasing.

This course presents a challenging multi-dimensional perspective on the causes of human disease and mortality. The course focuses on analyses of major causes of mortality in the US since 1900: cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, and infectious diseases. Students create analytical models to derive estimates for historically variant population risk factors and physiological rate parameters, and conduct analyses of familial data to separately estimate inherited and environmental risks. The course evaluates the basic population genetics of dominant, recessive and non-deleterious inherited risk factors.

Under five mortality data for nearly all countries in the world from 2005-2008. A broader measure of child health than infant mortality, this is the probability of dying before ones fifth birthday given the current rates. Rates in countries vary widely from the world average of 67-per-1000 which is decreasing.