This experiment demonstrates the effect of muscarinic agonists and its parasympathetic effects such as lacrimation (shedding of red tears), salivation, defaecation, urination pilo-erection, rhinorrhea, sweating and labored breathing.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences [BEPLS] is a monthly peer reviewed open access international journal focused towards the rapid publication of fundamental research papers on all areas of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences. BEPLS is official publication of Academy for Environment and Life Sciences [Regd. Under Societies Registration Act XXI, 1860]

The focus and the scope of journal include:
Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Endocrinology
Molecular Biology
Cellular Biology
Environmental Biology
Environmental Chemistry
Pharmacology
Economic Zoology and Botany
Embryology
Nanotechnology
Microbiology
Agricultural Sciences
Ecology
Medical Sciences
Toxicology, etc.

Scientists who are working to discover new medicines often use robots to prepare samples of cells, allowing them to test chemicals to identify those that might be used to treat diseases. Students will meet a scientist who works to identify new medicines. She created free software that ''looks'' at images of cells and determines which images show cells that have responded to the potential medicines. Students will learn about how this technology is currently enabling research to identify new antibiotics to treat tuberculosis. Students will complete hands-on activities that demonstrate how new medicines can be discovered using robots and computer software, starring the student as ''the computer.'' In the process, the students learn about experimental design, including positive and negative controls.

This class is a multidisciplinary introduction to pharmacology, neurotransmitters, drug mechanisms, and brain diseases from addiction to schizophrenia.

The target learner will have started in a dental hygiene program and have basic knowledge of common medical emergencies that may occur in the dental office. As a dental hygiene student, this lesson will enhance the learner's knowledge on basic emergency drug use as a dental hygienist in a clinic. Ideally, the learner would have completed the lesson regarding emergency drugs in their pharmacology course and can utilize this lesson as a supplement to self refelect on their retention of knowledge and key take aways.

An isolated frog heart preparation is useful in the study of cardiac cell excitation. The small size of the frog's heart means that drugs applied to the outside of the heart will peneterate the myocardium and modify the functions of the heart's cardiac chambers. Thus, the effect of the autonomic neurotransmitter substance together with their modification by other drugs can be studied by addition of these agents to the heart.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

This module contains a series of demonstration videos on how to do isolated smooth muscle preparation in vitro using the Harvard Kymograph simulator. This series is complementary to the video Setting Up the Harvard Kymograph.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

Medicines By Design aims to explain how scientists unravel the many different ways medicines work in the body and how this information guides the hunt for drugs of the future. Pharmacology is a broad discipline encompassing every aspect of the study of drugs, including their discovery and development and the testing of their action in the body. Much of the most promising pharmacological research going on at universities across the country is sponsored by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Working at the crossroads of chemistry, genetics, cell biology, physiology, and engineering, pharmacologists are fighting disease in the laboratory and at the bedside.

This open access Nursing Pharmacology textbook is designed for entry-level undergraduate nursing students. It explains basic concepts of pharmacology and describes common medication classes. This book is not intended to be used as a drug reference book, but direct links are provided to DailyMed, which provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States.

This open access Nursing Pharmacology textbook is designed for entry-level undergraduate nursing students. It explains basic concepts of pharmacology and describes common medication classes. This book is not intended to be used as a drug reference book, but direct links are provided to DailyMed, which provides trustworthy information about marketed drugs in the United States.

Pharmacology Notes: Nursing Implications for Clinical Practice is intended to organize pharmacological information in a meaningful manner that draws from prior learning (i.e. anatomy & physiology and pathophysiology), in order to reveal and reinforce relevant nursing implications. These notes utilize the framework, A-T-A-T, to assist in understanding nursing implications related to medication administration.

The Journal of Physiology and British Journal of Pharmacology jointly published an editorial series in 2011 to improve standards in statistical reporting and data analysis. It is not known whether reporting practices changed in response to the editorial advice. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of reporting practices in a random sample of research papers published in these journals before (n = 202) and after (n = 199) publication of the editorial advice. Descriptive data are presented. There was no evidence that reporting practices improved following publication of the editorial advice. Overall, 76-84% of papers with written measures that summarized data variability used standard errors of the mean, and 90-96% of papers did not report exact p-values for primary analyses and post-hoc tests. 76-84% of papers that plotted measures to summarize data variability used standard errors of the mean, and only 2-4% of papers plotted raw data used to calculate variability. Of papers that reported p-values between 0.05 and 0.1, 56-63% interpreted these as trends or statistically significant. Implied or gross spin was noted incidentally in papers before (n = 10) and after (n = 9) the editorial advice was published. Overall, poor statistical reporting, inadequate data presentation and spin were present before and after the editorial advice was published. While the scientific community continues to implement strategies for improving reporting practices, our results indicate stronger incentives or enforcements are needed.

Psychopharmacology is the study of how drugs affect behavior. If a drug changes your perception, or the way you feel or think, the drug exerts effects on your brain and nervous system. We call drugs that change the way you think or feel psychoactive or psychotropic drugs, and almost everyone has used a psychoactive drug at some point (yes, caffeine counts). Understanding some of the basics about psychopharmacology can help us better understand a wide range of things that interest psychologists and others. For example, the pharmacological treatment of certain neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease tells us something about the disease itself. The pharmacological treatments used to treat psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia or depression have undergone amazing development since the 1950s, and the drugs used to treat these disorders tell us something about what is happening in the brain of individuals with these conditions. Finally, understanding something about the actions of drugs of abuse and their routes of administration can help us understand why some psychoactive drugs are so addictive. In this module, we will provide an overview of some of these topics as well as discuss some current controversial areas in the field of psychopharmacology.

This casebook, now in its second edition, is a collaboration of over 90 individuals with expertise and training in public health pharmacy. A total of 54 chapters are presented, covering a broad array of topics relevant to pharmacy applications of public health. These topics include, but are not limited to, cross-cultural care, health literacy and disparities, infectious disease, health promotion and disease prevention, medication safety, structural racism, advocacy/policy analysis, chronic disease, women’s health, rural health, travel medicine and more. The book is designed to allow educators/students to choose chapters of interest as they feel suited, as each chapter is independent from the others. Each chapter contains learning objectives and an introduction to the topic, followed by a case and questions. The chapter closes with commentary from the authors and patient-oriented considerations for the topic at hand.

Review of Drugs, the Brain, and Behavior: The pharmacology of drug use disorders
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1LXzzXUrCtLkHt262RvdgQL-wQ83KCD3iwKsheQgneWU

The video demonstrates the setting up of the isolated tissue/organ bath. It identifies the components of the equipment and describes the functions of each. This procedure also shows adjustments, suitable for related isolated tissue preparations.This series is complementary to the video Setting Up the Harvard Kymograph.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

The Harvard Kymograph with stimulator is a piece of equipment that enables the recording of contractions of muscles from isolated issue preparations. In order to obtain the best results, suitable adjustment for the preparations should be made. This video demonstrates all possible adjustments that can be made for the best results. The apparatus also enables the worker to treat an isolated tissue preparation with drugs and to record some form of biological activity.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.

Strychnine is the principal alkaloid in nux vomica, the seeds of a tree strychnos nux vomica native to India. A toad is used in demonstrating the CNS ecitatory effect of strychnine.This module has been internally reviewed by a cross-disciplinary committee within KNUST prior to releasing as an Open Educational Resource.