This course introduces students to a quantitative approach to studying the problems of physiological adaptation in altered environments, especially microgravity and partial gravity environments. The course curriculum starts with an Introduction and Selected Topics, which provides background information on the physiological problems associated with human space flight, as well as reviewing terminology and key engineering concepts. Then curriculum modules on Bone Mechanics, Muscle Mechanics, Musculoskeletal Dynamics and Control, and the Cardiovascular System are presented. These modules start out with qualitative and biological information regarding the system and its adaptation, and progresses to a quantitative endpoint in which engineering methods are used to analyze specific problems and countermeasures. Additional course curriculum focuses on interdisciplinary topics, suggestions include extravehicular activity and life support. The final module consists of student term project work.

This short commentary about the African Health OER Network was published by the African Journal of Health Professions Education, December 2010, Vol. 2, No. 2.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A new study has found that the amount of agitation experienced by residents of care homes who have dementia has an important impact on their quality of life. At least forty percent of people living with dementia experience significant symptoms of agitation. These include restlessness, pacing, shouting, and verbal or even physical aggression. People with dementia who display such behavior are more likely to move to a care home. The study, the largest of its type ever conducted, explored how agitation affects the quality of life of this growing population of people. Researchers interviewed more than 1400 residents with dementia and staff caregivers in 92 care homes in England. They also talked to next-of-kin and staff looking after the residents. The goal was to understand staff coping style and to monitor resident’s quality of life and agitation over a period of 16 months. Caring for people living with dementia can be challenging..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This presentation aims to increase the students’ knowledge about environmental epidemiology, by introducing different study designs used to study health effects of exposure to outdoor air pollution. All study designs are illustrated by examples, starting with the Great Smog (Killer Fog) of London in 1952, one of the landmarks in environmental epidemiology.

Nearly one third of the world’s population are exposed to high levels of indoor air pollution from the household’s use of solid fuel. The fuel is mainly biomass burning under poor combustion conditions
in open fires or primitive stoves and with low ventilation. This costs more than 4 million lives every year and enormous suffering in particular among women and children.

What is air pollution? What is it in the air that is harmful? This lecture focuses on air pollution, where it occur, and how it spread.

In this presentation, we will describe the global levels and trends in major air pollutants and related health burden. Air pollution is an important global risk factor for disease. People who live in more polluted areas develop more often chronic and infectious disease and die prematurely as compared to people living in areas with low air pollution.

In large part of the World, people spend more than 90 percent of the time in indoor environments, where air quality is important for health. The environment outside the building, what goes on inside the building and the exchange of air pollutants affects the indoor air. Tight buildings can reduce energy consumption and entry of outdoor air pollutants, but unless ventilation is right indoor air pollutants from combustion processes, dampness, microbes, the dwellers bio effluents,
appliances, care and cleaning products, clothing, furniture, building materials, the underground and many other sources will build up indoors causing important health effects.

In this presentation, we will discuss how we can know whether one individual is more susceptible to harmful effect of air pollution than others are. Everyone is exposed, but some groups may be more susceptible to the harmful effect of air pollution than others may.

In this lecture, we will describe the mechanisms by which air pollution causes pulmonary health effects in the human population. The pulmonary health effects include exacerbation of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), increased risk of lower
respiratory tracts infections and lung cancer.

In this presentation, we will describe the mechanisms by which air pollution causes health effects in other parts of the body than the lungs. In continuation of this, we will discuss the important mechanisms of extra pulmonary health effect.

There is a long way before the whole world complies with the WHO guidelines for air quality, but the enormous burden of disease from outdoor air pollution forces us to increase action to come as far as possible. In continuation of this, we will discuss what we can do about air pollution at global, international, national, city and individual levels. Most of the actions to reduce air pollution also mitigates climate change and/or promote health in other ways – so there are many win-win and
win-win-win situations

SYNOPSIS: This lesson introduces the connections between air quality and environmental justice.

SCIENTIST NOTES: This lesson illustrates how air quality is related to cardiorespiratory health and how environmental injustice exacerbates these issues in marginalized communities. A well-sourced list of resources is provided where students can learn about human respiration, environmental justice, air quality in New Jersey, and what is being done to address environmental injustice by both the state and the New Jersey Environmental Justice Alliance. Students are tasked with reviewing these sources and then sharing what they learned in a fishbowl discussion. This lesson is recommended for teaching.

POSITIVES:
-This lesson utilizes student choice, active listening, and active participation.
-Students are guided through a Fishbowl discussion which facilitates respectful listening and exchanging of opinions.

ADDITIONAL PREREQUISITES:
-Teachers should feel comfortable offering choice, allowing students independence and autonomy in their learning. This lesson encourages open conversation and monitoring regarding student held discussions.
-This resource is helpful for facilitating a Fishbowl discussion.
-Students will need access to the Teacher Slideshow in order to conduct their independent work.

DIFFERENTIATION:
-Students are able to work at their own pace and order for the playlist activity, but teachers can scaffold certain steps for students who need additional support.
-Teachers can create a sample guide for the independent playlist activity.
-Teachers can embed the necessary adjustments into the playlist and check boxes for students with special needs or considerations.
-Teachers can add a sixth check box that includes a chat with the teacher so that questions and checks for understanding can be incorporated.

SYNOPSIS: In this lesson, students learn about particle pollution.

SCIENTIST NOTES: This lesson introduces students to gain elementary knowledge about air pollution, its sources, and implications on air quality. It provides critical insights on the impacts it has on low-income communities of Los Angeles. The lesson materials are well-written and cited. Thus, this lesson has passed our science review.

POSITIVES:
-This lesson dives deeper into the concept of air pollution and how to monitor air quality.
-This lesson involves movement and allows kids to have fun while learning about something serious.

ADDITIONAL PREREQUISITES:
-You will need to prepare the appropriate materials for The Cilia Game before class begins.
-The Cilia Game is quite silly. Be prepared for some laughs as the "cilia" try to defend the "lungs"!
-Cilia are tiny hair-like structures in our respiratory system that protect our lungs from foreign matter like particle pollution.
-In this lesson we use the term "particle pollution." This is usually referred to as "particulate pollution" or "particulate matter." For the purposes of this lesson, we have decided to use the simpler "particle pollution."
-"Air pollution" is kind of a catchall term, referring to things like ozone, particulate matter, and even greenhouse gases. This can be tricky for elementary students to sort out. The purpose of this lesson is for students to better understand particulate matter.

DIFFERENTIATION:
-Curious students may want more time to explore the interactive map of air quality.
-Students who complete their journal entry early can make their own air quality monitor.
-Be sensitive to your students' health situation. Some students with asthma or who know someone with asthma may find it difficult to learn more about this topic.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"This video is based on a preprint. Preprints are preliminary reports that have not undergone peer review. They should not be considered conclusive, used to inform clinical practice, or referenced by the media as validated information. As the COVID-19 pandemic wages on, scientific research is uncovering multiple forces that alter the spread of the disease. One enhancing factor could be air pollution. Researchers at the University of Cambridge recently linked COVID-19 to air pollution levels in England, where more than 45,000 patients have died of COVID-19. Initial findings revealed that regional variations in nitrogen oxide and ozone in particular could predict COVID-19 cases and deaths. The risk of infection was found to be increased by exposure to particulate matter (PM). Such pollution can lead to increased inflammation in the lungs or even help carry the virus that causes COVID-19 across large distances..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A new algorithm has successfully mapped part of the brain’s circuitry during shock therapy. For those suffering from severe depression, the approach could make for safer and more effective treatment. For brain research at large, it could lead to better ways of untangling noisy neural data to reveal real connections between different focal regions of the brain. Despite the gruesome picture painted by pop culture, modern shock therapy is a mild treatment option. In fact, over 2 million treatments are administered worldwide every year. Under general anesthesia, patients receive a small amount of current to the brain, triggering a brief seizure. The resulting changes in brain chemistry have been shown to reverse symptoms of mental health conditions like severe depression or bipolar disorder. But the procedure isn’t perfect. One of the most troubling side effects is memory loss, a result of poor targeting. To be effective and safe, induced seizures should be restricted to the pre-frontal cortex..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Alirocumab, a drug that inhibits PCSK9 and helps clear the blood of atherogenic lipids, may be of benefit for individuals with type 2 diabetes who are most at risk of cardiovascular disease. According to the International Diabetes Federation, heart disease is the leading cause of death among people with type 2 diabetes. One factor that might contribute to that grim statistic is the high mixed dyslipidemia prevalence in this population. Mixed dyslipidemia is characterized by elevated triglycerides, and hence high triglyceride-rich lipoprotein, or remnant cholesterol, and high cholesterol levels; and low serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or HDL-C. Despite treatment with statins and other lipid-lowering therapies targeting atherogenic lipoproteins, management of mixed dyslipidemia remains challenging, especially among individuals with diabetes..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A recent analysis suggests that ixazomib, an oral proteasome inhibitor (or PI), is tolerable and enhances therapeutic responses in patients with multiple myeloma. Ixazomib is approved for use in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for patients who have already received 1 or more prior therapy. The promising results obtained for non-transplant patients taking ixazomib alone, if their disease has responded to primary induction therapy, point to a new possible treatment option for multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer that develops in bone marrow. Here, the body normally generates white blood cells that help fight off infection. But in multiple myeloma, malignant cells gradually crowd out these disease-fighting cells, compromising the body’s immune response, while also damaging the bones. The malignant cells also secrete large amounts of a non-functional protein which leads to kidney failure and other harms..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Short Description:
This book explores the topic of anxiety disorders. Including information on neuroscience, assessment, and intervention.

Long Description:
Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental health disorders experienced by people in the United States. However, given their complexity, they are also one of the most misunderstood. While these disorders can be quite debilitating, appropriate assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning are critical to the recovery process.

The chapters introduce the reader to a variety of topics. The chapters include introduction to anxiety and the nervous system, building blocks of anxiety, assessing anxiety, and cognitive and behavioral interventions. The chapters were written to build upon one another. Thus, skipping a chapter and jumping ahead can be problematic as the reader may have missed foundational material in the prior chapters.

I would like to acknowledge that as part of this open educational resource product, there were several mental health providers that peer-reviewed these chapters. I would like to extend a deep gratitude for their time, edits, and constructive feedback.

Word Count: 20017

(Note: This resource's metadata has been created automatically by reformatting and/or combining the information that the author initially provided as part of a bulk import process.)