Comprehensive textbook covering mainly race/ethnicity and the intersection of interactions with each area of the criminal justice system (police, courts, corrections). Special emphasis on multiculturalism and how to best communicate and resolve conflicts.

This first chapter explains what it means to be logical—to reason logically. It demonstrates the usefulness of logical reasoning as a means to making more effective decisions about your own life—decisions about what to believe and deci­sions about what to do. The chapter begins a systematic program of study of all the major topics regarding logical reasoning. Along the way, the book focuses on devel­oping the following five skills: (1) writing logically, (2) detecting inconsistency and lack of clarity in a group of sentences, (3) spotting issues and arguments, (4) detecting and avoiding fallacies (reasoning errors), and (5) generating and im­proving arguments and explanations. These skills will be taught here independent of subject matter.

This open textbook exists as a free alternative to commercial textbooks, whose prices have climbed 82% during the past decade. Undergraduates must pay around $1,200 per year on textbooks and supplies; consequently, 65% of students decide against buying a Fresh English textbook at all.

In addition to original writings and commentaries written by the editor/author, this textbook is built on remixed public domain and Open Educational Resource materials. (See Acknowledgements.) Meeting ADA accessibility guidelines, this textbook helps students attain the writing standards set by their professors and employers. As with the writing process itself, this textbook is recursive, returning to and amplifying some of the same writing competencies throughout various sections. Fresh English explains composition theory concretely and practically; still, instructors are expected to engage students’ multiple intelligences and learning styles by supplementing the textbook with multimedia, customized writing exercises, and other meaningful activities. Beyond presenting conventional freshman composition competencies such as writing modes, grammar, and critical reading and thinking strategies, I also provide contextualized and interdisciplinary lessons demonstrating that knowledge, be it from history, art, science, or any other discipline, is unified rather than discrete.

This course on Intercultural Education which includes content on intercultural relationships, cultural differences, social conflict, cultural spaces, and cultural competence is licensed CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 US.

Comprehensive textbook covering the purpose of punishment, types of punishment, correctional programming, and special populations.