This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Managing wastewater is a major logistical puzzle that impacts the environment, the climate, and public health. While metropolitan wastewater typically undergoes complex processing and sanitation, rural livestock wastewater is often simply composted for fertilizer, but composting can release harmful contaminants like ammonia, CO₂, and methane. One way to still capture the nutrients with fewer harmful byproducts is by cultivating microalgae, which actually absorb CO₂ via photosynthesis rather than producing it. But how do microalgae impact pathogens? A recent pilot study using raw piggery wastewater found that microalgae cultivation dramatically reduced the pathogen load while also triggering a dramatic shift in the overall bacterial community composition. Further investigation using the most abundant pathogen, Oligella, found that the microalgae weren’t impacting Oligella directly. Rather, microalgae cultivation reduced Oligella abundance through a network of other bacterial species..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This presentation focus on the clinical manifestation of Schistosomiasis and how it can the treated. In continuation of this we will talk about the development of Schistosomiasis in the human host.

This presentation provides an introduction to antimalarial drugs, different treatment and prophylaxis strategies and an overview of which drugs and drug combinations that are currently in use.

Students leach organic matter from soil to create a water sample with high dissolved organic matter content (DOM), and then make filters to see if the DOM can be removed. They experience the difficulties of removing DOM from water, and learn about other processes that might make DOM removal more effective.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Whether it be MRI, CT, or PET scans, nearly every cancer patient undergoes some form of imaging. These images provide important information about the location and stage of tumor growth and can, therefore, inform treatment strategies. But recent advances in Artificial Intelligence make it possible to mine these images for even more data. This emerging field, called ‘radiomics’ aims to utilize the full potential of medical images by extracting high-dimensional data to objectively characterize and monitor individual tumors. Many current cancer-detection and diagnostic techniques rely on invasive approaches such as tissue biopsies. But these practices have both high risk and high cost. Radiomics, on the other hand, offers a promising method to gather important information about tumors -- such as size, shape, and texture -- in a non-invasive and often cost-effective manner..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Students learn about the biomedical use of nanoparticles in the detection and treatment of cancer, including the use of quantum dots and lasers that heat-activate nanoparticles. They also learn about electrophoresis a laboratory procedure that uses an electric field to move tiny particles through a channel in order to separate them by size. They complete an online virtual mini-lab, with accompanying worksheet, to better understand gel electrophoresis. This prepares them for the associated activity to write draft research proposals to use nanoparticles to protect against, detect or treat skin cancer.

Topic 13: Therapy and TreatmentTextbook readings: p. 607; pp. 614-629.Watch:Discovering Psychology: Discovering Psychology: Psychotherapy (Program 22)Psychotherapy is the twenty-second program in the DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY series. It explores different therapeutic approaches as well as the relationships among theory, research, and practice. You'll learn how some historical, cultural, and social forces have influenced approaches to the treatment of psychological disorders.Watch: The Mind - Series Homepage  Produced by Colorado State University. 1999, all descriptions are from the series website. The Mind: Treating Depression: Electroconvulsive Therapy (Module 34)Provides a clear and dramatic presentation of the process and some of the effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).The Brain - Series Homepage  Produced by Colorado State University. 1997, all descriptions are from the series website.The Brain: Schizophrenia: Pharmacological Treatment (Module 28)Dr. Arnold Scheibel reviews the various ways in which schizophrenia has been treated since the 1950s, ranging from the use of physical restraints and cool baths to the administration of antipsychotic drugs. He and other psychiatrists elaborate on the ways in which drugs alter the chemistry of the brain. Drugs that are effective seem to reduce the levels of dopamine in the brain — to provide amelioration and stabilization, not a cure.Watch:The World of Abnormal Psychology - Produced by Alvin H. Perlmutter, Inc., and Toby Levine Communications. 1992, all descriptions are from the series website.The World of Abnormal Psychology: Psychotherapies (Program 12)This program allows viewers to "sit-in" on five distinctly different kinds of psychotherapy: psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, Gestalt, couples, and group. Theory and practice are intertwined as these patients progress through therapy, sometimes trying alternative models for the same problem. Learning objectives:1.      Distinguish between psychotherapy and biomedical therapy.2.      Explain the main goal and main components of psychoanalysis (Freud’s psychotherapy which includes “free association” and “dream analysis” techniques); behavior therapy which includes “exposure” technique, “aversive conditioning”, “counter-conditioning” and “token economy” technique); cognitive therapy (originated by Beck); cognitive-behavioral therapy (which incorporates both cognitive and behavioral techniques); and biomedical therapies (which include psychotropic medications and ECT: electroconvulsive therapy).3.      Distinguish between these “modalities” (formats) of psychotherapy: play therapy, individual therapy, group therapy, and family therapy. 

What do plants need? Students examine the effects of light and air on green plants, learning the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration. Student teams plant seeds, placing some in sunlight and others in darkness. They make predictions about the outcomes and record ongoing observations of the condition of the stems, leaves and roots. Then, several healthy plants are placed in glass jars with lids overnight. Condensation forms, illustrating the process of transpiration, or the release of moisture to the atmosphere by plants.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly brain cancer that affects both adults and children. GBM remains mostly incurable because of the nonuniform nature of GBM cells and the numerous mechanisms involved. However, noncoding RNA molecules called circular RNAs (circRNAs) may be valuable targets for GBM treatment, because these molecules can promote or suppress cancer-related processes like cell proliferation, cell death, invasion, and chemoresistance. For example, various circRNAs can regulate pathways that are dysregulated in GBM, such as the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and MAPK pathways. Other circRNAs can positively or negatively regulate tumor blood supply establishment and metastasis to influence GBM progression. CircRNAs are stable and present in numerous body fluids, and some are associated with tumor grade and outcomes, making them promising biomarkers. In addition, silencing or overexpressing certain circRNAs in patients may help treat GBM or improve patients’ responses to other treatments..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"(Pro)renin receptor, or (P)RR, is a cell receptor expressed throughout the body. Historically, knowledge about (P)RR has been limited to its functions in the heart and kidneys. But now, growing evidence suggests (P)RR plays a major role in various cancers. Over the last 5 years, researchers have discovered that certain cancers produce abnormally high amounts of (P)RR . which can trigger the formation of tumors in the pancreas, colon, and brain. A recently published review outlines the numerous newly recognized roles of (P)RR in cancer. as well as ways that (P)RR can be used against cancer. including as a target for monoclonal antibody therapy. To read the full review, visit biosignaling.biomedcentral..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Psychology is designed to meet scope and sequence requirements for the single-semester introduction to psychology course. The book offers a comprehensive treatment of core concepts, grounded in both classic studies and current and emerging research. The text also includes coverage of the DSM-5 in examinations of psychological disorders. Psychology incorporates discussions that reflect the diversity within the discipline, as well as the diversity of cultures and communities across the globe.Senior Contributing AuthorsRose M. Spielman, Formerly of Quinnipiac UniversityContributing AuthorsKathryn Dumper, Bainbridge State CollegeWilliam Jenkins, Mercer UniversityArlene Lacombe, Saint Joseph's UniversityMarilyn Lovett, Livingstone CollegeMarion Perlmutter, University of Michigan

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Gliomas are the most common brain tumors They’re also the most aggressive, able to resist various forms of chemotherapy Part of that ability comes from cancer stem cells rare cells with the capacity to form new tumors Researchers recently set out to understand how these cells are linked to drug resistance and prognosis among patients with glioma Using data from gene atlases, they developed a so-called risk signature This signature was designed to identify genetic factors tied to an increased risk of resistance to the popular chemotherapy drug temozolomide Tests showed that the risk signature could well predict the prognosis of patients with drug-resistant gliomas with a high risk score indicating shorter survival and malignant traits The risk signature also provides new ways to classify gliomas which could help clinicians deliver targeted treatment sooner With further refinement, the signature could serve as a stand-alone biomarker for the personalized treatment of patients with glioma.."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Osteoporosis, a disease that causes bone loss, currently affects more than 200 million people worldwide. While anti-osteoporosis drugs do exist, they tend to produce complicated side effects. That has scientists exploring various molecular pathways in search of viable therapeutic targets, namely pathways related to the signaling molecule STAT3. STAT3 plays important roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival and is proving to be critical in regulating bone remodeling processes. STAT3 regulates both bone formation and breakdown through an array of signaling cytokines, transmembrane proteins, and cytoplasmic proteins. Research is revealing different ways of targeting STAT3 signaling to fight osteoporosis. These include STAT3-sensitive drugs such as the natural products catalpol and methylsulfonylmethane, microRNAs that regulate bone homeostasis, and different families of cells, including immature blood cells, white blood cells, and immune cells..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death. Treatment options for advanced colorectal cancer are limited, but cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy may be a useful approach. In this type of immunotherapy, blood cells from a patient are incubated with several proteins (anti-CD3 antibodies, IL-2, and IFN-γ). This generates CIK cells, which are then injected or transfused into the patient for treatment. These cells can proliferate more quickly and exert better antitumor effects than other types of cancer-fighting immune cells. CIK cells’ killing effects are mediated primarily by binding of the membrane protein NKG2D to corresponding ligands on tumor cells and by signaling through the AMPK/Akt/mTOR, Notch, Wnt/β-Catenin, and HIF-1α pathways. Clinical studies have indicated that CIK cell treatment is generally a safe addition to routine radio- and chemotherapy and that it can help prolong survival in some patients..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a fatty substance normally located on the inner membrane of healthy cells, but cancer cells tend to express high levels of PS on their surface. That tiny difference has paved the way for a new cancer-targeting agent called SapC-DOPS. SapC-DOPS is a nanovesicle that effectively targets and kills several types of cancer, including pancreatic, lung, brain, and pediatric cancers, while leaving surrounding cells unharmed. The nanovesicle achieves this by selectively inducing apoptotic cell death in malignant and metastatic cancer cells rich in surface PS. One phase I clinical trial showed that SapC-DOPS was safe and yielded favorable outcomes in patients with solid tumors, but more pre-clinical studies are needed to better understand the properties of SapC-DOPS, including how SapC-DOPS can eliminate cancer cells that express high levels of surface PS but evade apoptotic cell death and how effective SapC-DOPS is in treating advanced cancers..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Student teams practice water quality analysis through turbidity measurement and coliform bacteria counts. They use information about water treatment processes to design prototype small-scale water treatment systems and test the influent (incoming) and effluent (outgoing) water to assess how well their prototypes produce safe water to prevent water-borne illnesses.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Maintaining mental health during future deep-space exploration is a serious and complicated problem. Such exploration will require people to remain in closed environments for incredibly long periods. But connections between our gut microbes, the gut itself, and our brain could hold new solutions. Research has suggested that influences can travel along this microbiota-gut-brain axis. So, to identify potential mood-boosting microbes in an enclosed environment, researchers turned to the Lunar Palace 365 experiment, where the Lunar Palace 1, a closed bioregenerative life support facility, housed people for a year. The researchers identified four potential “psychobiotics” that corresponded with mental well-being, as well as three possible mechanisms for the improved mood. First, these microbes may be fermenting dietary fibers to produce short-chain fatty acids. Second, they may regulate amino acid metabolism pathways, including the one that converts tryptophan to serotonin..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ensures that newly synthesized proteins in a cell are properly folded. But when the number of new proteins exceeds the ER’s capacity to fold them, ER stress can occur and the “unfolded protein response” (UPR) is triggered to help return the cell back to normal. If the UPR can’t restore this balance, the cell dies. Triggering cell death by ER stress via the UPR is one way to treat diseases such as cancer, but we must fully understand the signaling mechanisms involved to design drugs to effectively trigger the UPR. ER stressors such as thapsigargin can induce UPR-mediated cell death, but the detailed mechanisms are unclear. In a recent study, researchers sought to better understand how ER stressors work. They analyzed molecular changes in human prostate and colon cancer cell lines exposed to thapsigargin or its analogs. Their results demonstrated which UPR components and cell death processes are required for an ER stressor to effectively kill a cell..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.