Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Define genomicsDescribe genetic and physical mapsDescribe genomic mapping methods

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Genetic and molecular differences in individual bacterial strains of the gut microbiome may affect health outcomes, including aging, in humans. However, the details and effects of host-microbe co-evolution remain unclear. To obtain insights, a recent study investigated Bifidobacterium longum, a key long-term member of the human gut microbiome that has also been linked to aging. Population genomics analyses of 418 human gut strains revealed three geographic populations of B. longum, with differences in cell wall synthesis genes and carbohydrate metabolism genes. B. longum was actively transmitted between individuals, families, and regions, but a single clone tended to colonize each host. B. longum relative abundance declined with host age, while certain genotype features, such as a sequence variant in the B. longum arginine biosynthesis pathway, were positively related to age. In mice, B..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Obesity and metabolic disorders are abnormally high in the Middle East. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 41% of all deaths in Kuwait are caused by cardiovascular disease. And after the US, Kuwait is the nation with the highest rate of obesity in the world. While overeating and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle are partially to blame, they’re not the only culprits. A new study from the Dasman Diabetes Institute in Kuwait suggests that genetic adaptations once key to survival for Kuwaiti ancestors predispose today’s population to debilitating disease. Traits like insulin resistance and hypertension spell trouble for modern, largely sedentary humans. But for the nomadic forbearers of today’s Kuwaiti population, they offered an advantage. An active metabolism and high blood pressure stimulate the sympathetic nervous system’s “fight-flight-or-freeze” response, favoring survival under the harsh desert climate of the Arabian Peninsula..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Growing evidence suggests a link between the gut microbiome and physiological processes, including the immune response and neurological function. But the connection between the gut microbiome and complex diseases remains largely unexplored. A new study suggests that, at least among East Asian populations, distinct microbiome features could give rise to certain diseases. Researchers performed a microbiome genome-wide association study using samples from 1,475 Chinese participants. Their goal was to identify genetic variants among the participants associated with the gut microbiome. According to their findings, certain bacteria could be linked to the risk of certain diseases. For example, developing an irregular heartbeat is associated with an increased abundance of Burkholderiales and Alcaligenaceae, and decreased abundance of Lachnobacterium, Bacteroides coprophilus and Barnesiellaceae. And microbiome features could be clustered by disease, including different cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, and hepatitis..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Going in for surgery? It’s possible the level of pain you’ll experience during recovery is encoded in your DNA. This conclusion draws from the work of an international collaboration of researchers. By looking at the outcomes of over 1000 patients, they pinpointed factors linked to ongoing postsurgical pain. They found that one important determinant is the code of a single gene – the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, or BDNF, gene – opening new avenues for how we understand, and treat, chronic pain. Nearly all surgical patients experience some degree of postoperative pain, but it’s usually resolved as they heal. For many, however, it can last for months or even years – a condition referred to as chronic postsurgical pain. Although some elements that lead to this condition are known – nerve injury during surgery, for example, is one common cause – there’s often no easily identifiable culprit. Enter genetics..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.