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Cocaine Addiction Effects of the Brain: Binge and Craving
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Cocaine afflicts many individuals and is potently addictive. Originally hailed as a wonder-drug in the late 19th century, cocaine is now considered an illegal substance. Cocaine’s addictive properties can be attributed to changes in the dopamine reward pathway of the Ventral Tegmental Area and Substantia Nigra, Prefrontal Cortex, Dorsal Striatum, Nucleus Accumbens, Amygdala, Globus Pallidus, and Hippocampus. This drug affects the brain in two processes: binge and crave. The binge process highlights cocaine’s ability to block dopamine reuptake from the synapse resulting in hyperstimulation of the postsynaptic neuron in the dopamine reward pathway. The crave process promotes drug-seeking behavior through conditional and contextual cues. Understanding the effects of cocaine in the brain may grant insight in creating future medication and therapies to treat individuals addicted to this drug.

Subject:
Arts and Humanities
Biology
Life Science
Psychology
Social Science
Visual Arts
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
CUNY Academic Works
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Apte, Advait
Cahn, Anna
Chen, Ching-Jung
Cheng, Katie
Eng, Timmy
Hypolite, Lenn
Malik, Rafay
Oviedo, Hysell
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Cocaine Addiction Effects of the Brain: Binge and Craving
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
0.0 stars

Cocaine afflicts many individuals and is potently addictive. Originally hailed as a wonder-drug in the late 19th century, cocaine is now considered an illegal substance. Cocaine’s addictive properties can be attributed to changes in the dopamine reward pathway of the Ventral Tegmental Area and Substantia Nigra, Prefrontal Cortex, Dorsal Striatum, Nucleus Accumbens, Amygdala, Globus Pallidus, and Hippocampus. This drug affects the brain in two processes: binge and crave. The binge process highlights cocaine’s ability to block dopamine reuptake from the synapse resulting in hyperstimulation of the postsynaptic neuron in the dopamine reward pathway. The crave process promotes drug-seeking behavior through conditional and contextual cues. Understanding the effects of cocaine in the brain may grant insight in creating future medication and therapies to treat individuals addicted to this drug.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Simulation
Provider:
CUNY
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Advait Apte
Anna Cahn
Ching-Jung Chen
Hysell Oviedo
Katie Cheng
Lenn Hypolite
Rafay Malik
Timmy Eng
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Crispr Cas9
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
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Precise modification of faulty genes for repair has been one of the most important goals in medicine. It is now finally within the realm of possibility thanks to the gene editing tool CRISPR. This microbial adaptive immune system can copy and cut specific DNA sequences. This animation provides a visual introduction of this revolutionary genetic tool.

Subject:
Applied Science
Genetics
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Life Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
CUNY Academic Works
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Chen, Ching-jung
Cheng, Katie
Chowdhury, Abanti Deb
Eng, Timmy
Estevez, Irving
Malik, Rafay
Ndjiharine, Vitjitua
Oviedo, Hysell V.
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Crispr-Cas 9 · Science Animation
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
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Precise modification of faulty genes for repair has been one of the most important goals in medicine. It is now finally within the realm of possibility thanks to the gene editing tool CRISPR. This microbial adaptive immune system can copy and cut specific DNA sequences. This animation provides a visual introduction of this revolutionary genetic tool.

Subject:
Biology
Genetics
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Simulation
Provider:
CUNY
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Abanti Deb Chowdhury
Ching-Jung Chen
Hysell Ovideo
Irving Estevez
Katie Cheng
Rafay Malik
Timmy Eng
Vitjitua Ndjiharine
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Optogenetics
Read the Fine Print
Some Rights Reserved
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Gene insertion of opsin, light-activated cell-membrane channels, into neurons of interest allows researchers to manipulate light to either excite or inhibit neuronal activity to gain a better understanding of brain function and dysfunction, and explore therapeutic applications.

Subject:
Applied Science
Biology
Health, Medicine and Nursing
Life Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
CUNY Academic Works
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Apte, Advait
Cahn, Anna
Chen, Ching-Jung
Cheng, Katie
Eng, Timmy
Malik, Rafay
Oviedo, Hysell V.
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Optogenetics · Science Animation
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
0.0 stars

Gene insertion of opsin, light-activated cell-membrane channels, into neurons of interest allows researchers to manipulate light to either excite or inhibit neuronal activity to gain a better understanding of brain function and dysfunction, and explore therapeutic applications.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Simulation
Provider:
CUNY
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Advait Apte
Anna Cahn
Ching-Jung Chen
Hysell Oviedo
Katie Cheng
Rafay Malik
Timmy Eng
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Synaptic Transmission
Read the Fine Print
Some Rights Reserved
Rating
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Neurons communicate with each other and relay information to the brain through synapse. Influx of calcium through ion channels acts as a trigger for starting the neurotransmission cascade, which upon reaching action potential, leads to the release of neurotransmitters, propagating the signal from the pre-synaptic membrane to the post-synaptic membrane.

Subject:
Anatomy/Physiology
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Lecture
Provider:
CUNY Academic Works
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Apte, Advait
Chen, Ching-Jung
Cheng, Katie
Gracia, Dalia
Hypolite, Lenn
Marvin, Helena
Marvin, Rafay
Oviedo, Hysell
Date Added:
06/16/2022
Synaptic Transmission · Science Animation
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
0.0 stars

Neurons communicate with each other and relay information to the brain through synapse. Influx of calcium through ion channels acts as a trigger for starting the neurotransmission cascade, which upon reaching action potential, leads to the release of neurotransmitters, propagating the signal from the pre-synaptic membrane to the post-synaptic membrane.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Simulation
Provider:
CUNY
Provider Set:
City College
Author:
Advait Apte
Ching-Jung Chen
Dalia Gracia
Helena Marvin
Hysell Oviedo.
Katie Cheng
Lenn Hypolite
Rafay Malik
Date Added:
06/16/2022