Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Classify the different types of bones in the skeletonExplain the role of the different cell types in boneExplain how bone forms during development

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Our biological clock regulates everything from our body temperature to our eating habits. So much so that anything that throws it off beat could allow diseases to set in, including osteoarthritis. Muscle, bone, cartilage, and the tissue in between are reported to have regular rhythms that maintain joint health, and studies suggest that disturbances in the genes that regulate these rhythms could make symptoms of osteoarthritis worse. These disturbances affect the cells responsible for creating cartilage, increasing their breakdown while slowing their buildup. They lead to abnormal remodeling of bone tissue. They cause muscle fibers to age faster and become weaker. And they lead to inflammation in surrounding tissue, which aggravates joint pain and damage. Research that examines the relationship between rhythmic disturbances and osteoarthritis could lead to new ways of understanding joint degeneration and could inspire the development of new drugs that target the mechanisms underlying osteoarthritis..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Osteoporosis, a disease that causes bone loss, currently affects more than 200 million people worldwide. While anti-osteoporosis drugs do exist, they tend to produce complicated side effects. That has scientists exploring various molecular pathways in search of viable therapeutic targets, namely pathways related to the signaling molecule STAT3. STAT3 plays important roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival and is proving to be critical in regulating bone remodeling processes. STAT3 regulates both bone formation and breakdown through an array of signaling cytokines, transmembrane proteins, and cytoplasmic proteins. Research is revealing different ways of targeting STAT3 signaling to fight osteoporosis. These include STAT3-sensitive drugs such as the natural products catalpol and methylsulfonylmethane, microRNAs that regulate bone homeostasis, and different families of cells, including immature blood cells, white blood cells, and immune cells..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.