- What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors in ecosystems? Give examples.
- What are the 3 categories of ecosystems? What % of the earth’s surface is covered by each?
- A position in a food chain or food web is called a _________________.
- List and describe the trophic levels in a food chain or web in order.
- What are some problems with the use of food chains to describe trophic levels?
- Why is the use of a food web somewhat better that the use of a food chain to describe interactions between species?
- What is the difference between a grazing and a detrital food web?
- What is an autotroph? Give an example.
- What is a heterotroph? Give an example.
- What is the difference between gross primary productivity and net primary productivity?
- What is DDT? How did it harm birds, such as eagles?
- What are the 6 most common elements that are associated with organic molecules?
- What is a biogeochemical cycle?
- On earth, __________% of water is salt water, _________% is underground or ice and ________% is fresh water.
- What are fossil fuels? Why are they considered a non-renewable resource?
- The 4th most abundant element in living organisms is ________________. It makes up macromolecules and is of primary importance to living organisms.
- Even though nitrogen makes up 78% of the atmosphere, most organisms can’t utilize it (even though they need it to make macromolecules). What types of organisms allow nitrogen to enter the living world?
- What is eutrophication? What is its relationship to the formation of dead zones?
- Phosphorous is involved in the formation of ___________________ in living things. Sulfur is involved in the formation of _____________________ in living things.
- What is acid rain? How does it form?
- The 8 major terrestrial biomes are distinguished by ______________ and __________________.
- Why is the extraordinary biodiversity of the tropical forest currently under threat?
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Match the terrestrial biomes with the characteristic.
- Tropical forest a. also known as prairies; have hot summers and cold winters
- Savanna b. very cold; little annual precipitation, diversity and productivity
- Chaparral c. very dry; often located on downwind side of a mountain
- Desert d. have defined growing seasons; dominated by deciduous trees
- Temperate grassland e. also known as taiga; dominated by evergreen conifers
- Temperate forest f. grasslands in Africa, South America and Australia
- Boreal forest g. found in equatorial regions; highest diversity of all
- Tundra h. scrub forest; dominated by shrubs
- What are several abiotic factors that are important in aquatic habitats?
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Match the zones of the marine biome to the characteristic.
- Intertidal zone a. open ocean area; contains abundant plankton, fish and whales
- Neritic zone b. region closest to land; often a sandy beach
- Oceanic zone c. the ocean bottom; contains abundant fungi, bacteria and invertebrates
- Benthic zone d. highest productivity and biodiversity of the ocean
- Abyssal zone e. deepest part of the ocean; very cold with low nutrients
- What is the difference between the photic and aphotic zones of the ocean?
- Coral reefs are one of the most diverse biomes. How are they threatened by human activity?
- What is an estuary?
- Why are freshwater biomes important to humans?
- List examples of freshwater biomes that are standing water and examples that are flowing water.
- What is an algal bloom? How are blooms related to nitrogen and phosphorous?
- What is a wetland?
- Be familiar with the vocabulary in the chapter. You can use the last slides in the PPT as a guide. You do not need to define all the words to receive full credit for this study guide. You must answer 1-32 to receive credit (5 points).