1. Know how to correctly write a scientific name (genus and species).
  2. Define the following: prokaryote, eukaryote
  3. Who was the father of evolution?
  4. Peter and Rosemary Grant studied _______________ on Daphne Major to demonstrate natural selection.
  5. Why did horses evolve over time from a small animal to a large animal adapted to grazing and running?
  6. What is the difference between vestigial, analogous and homologous structures? Give examples of each.
  7. What is genetic drift? What is the difference between a bottleneck and a founder effect?
  8. What do the terms convergent evolution and divergent evolution mean?
  9. What is maximum parsimony?
  10. Define the following: species, natural selection, evolution
  11. Know the taxonomic levels in order beginning with Domain and ending with species.
  12. What are the 3 Domains of life?
  13. What is the theory of endosymbiosis?
  14. Conditions of the early earth were ____________________________. What element that is common today was likely not found on the early earth?
  15. Define the following: taxonomy, systematics, cladistics
  16. What is molecular systematics?
  17. What role does DNA, RNA and protein play in determining how closely related organisms are?
  18. List structures that are found in ALL cells.
  19. Define the following: transduction, transformation, conjugation
  20. What are causes of the antibiotic crisis that we are currently experiencing?
  21. What are cyanobacteria?
  22. What are the 3 shapes of bacteria?
  23. What protist organism causes malaria?
  24. Define the following: pellicle, pseudopodia
  25. Protists would tend to switch from sexual reproduction under what types of conditions?
  26. Fungi reproduce by producing ______________________.
  27. Fungal cell walls are made of _________________. Plant cell walls are made of _____________.
  28. Are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
  29. Where are extremophiles typically found?
  30. Define the following: lichen, mycorrhizae, hyphae, mycelium
  31. Define the following: xylem, phloem
  32. For the following groups, list which is dominant (sporophyte or gametophyte):  Nonvascular, Seedless vascular, Seed plants    
  33. What is a fruit? Give examples.
  34. In plants, the multicellular haploid form is called the ________________. The multicellular diploid form is called the __________________.
  35. What is the difference between a monocot and a eudicot?
  36. What is the difference between fertilization and pollination?
  37. Define the following: apical meristem, stomata, cuticle, desiccation
  38. What do the terms dioecious and monoecious mean?
  39. Animals are _____________________ (choose prokaryotic or eukaryotic) and _________________ (choose heterotrophic or eutrophic).
  40. Give examples of heterotrophs and autotrophs. What do these terms mean?
  41. What is the difference between acoelomate and eucoelomate animals?
  42. What does the term sessile mean?
  43. What are Supergroups?
  44. What are some types of asexual reproduction found in sponges?
  45. What do the terms endotherm and ectotherm mean? Give examples of each.
  46. What type of symmetry do most animals have?
  47. The animal phylum that has jointed appendages and segmentation is ____________________.
  48. The cells of sponges are called _____________. The cells of jellyfish are called ____________.
  49. Birds are descended from __________________________.
  50. What is the difference between a protostome and a deuterostome?
  51. What are eutherians, marsupials and monotremes? Give examples.
  52. Give examples of jawless fish, bony fish and cartilaginous fish.
  53. List examples of amphibians and reptiles.
  54. Define the following: mortality rate, species richness
  55. What is the difference between clumped, random and uniform distribution patterns?
  56. What is the difference between K-selected and r-selected species?
  57. What is the difference between abiotic and biotic factors? Give examples of each.
  58. What are density dependent and density independent factors?
  59. What is intraspecific competition?
  60. What shape curve does logistic growth produce? Exponential?
  61. What is the difference between logistic and exponential growth?
  62. Define the following: carrying capacity, population size, population density
  63. What is the difference between a grazing and a detrital food web?
  64. An example of predator-prey population dynamics that was discussed in the text is ______________________.
  65. What molecules do phosphorous help make for living things? Sulfur?
  66. The main element found in acid rain water is _______________________.
  67. The element that makes up 78% of the atmosphere is __________________________.
  68. How did the pesticide DDT harm birds like eagles?
  69. What factors are currently threatening tropical forests?
  70. The ecosystem category that makes up the majority of the earth’s surface is ______________.
  71. What is mimicry?
  72. What is a niche?
  73. Define the following: endemic species, keystone species, invasive species, exotic species
  74. Define the following: preserve, biological hotspot
  75. Define the following: resistance, resilience
  76. Biodiversity ________________ (increases or decreases) as one gets closer to the equator.
  77. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
  78. The 5th mass extinction occurred ________________ (when) and wiped out ________________.
  79. We are likely in a sixth mass extinction period caused by _______________________________.
  80. List 2 major greenhouse gases.
  81. What is eutrophication?
  82. What are some effects of climate change (global warming)?
  83. What is chytridiomycosis? Colony collapse disorder?
  84. The first National Park established in the US was _______________________________.
  85. Define the following: biodiversity, chemical diversity, genetic diversity, ecosystem diversity