Tulane University Petrology Lecture Notes

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Tulane University Petrology Lecture Notes Collection Resources (29)

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Axial Ratios, Parameters, Miller Indices
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Axial Ratios, Parameters, Miller Indices
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This site is a lecture about crystal structure from Dr. Stephen Nelson at Tulane University. Topics include axial ratios, intercepts of crystal faces (Weiss Parameters), determination of the Miller Index of a crystal, the modified notation of hexagonal systems, which is referred to as Miller-Bravais Indices, and using the Miller Index notation to designate crystal forms. Tables and illustrations accompany the text.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Contact Metamorphism
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Contact Metamorphism
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This set of lecture notes about contact metamorphism contains information on contact aureoles, isograds, thermal conductivity, and latent heat of crystallization. Albite-epidote hornfels, hornblende hornfels, pyroxene hornfels, and sanidinite facies are presented. Skarns are also discussed. A number of ternary diagrams and illustrations are included. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Crystal Form, Zones, Crystal Habit
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Crystal Form, Zones, Crystal Habit
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This site is a lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson from Tulane University that explores the use of the Miller Index notation to designate crystal forms. Topics include crystal forms, general and special forms, and open and closed forms. Also discussed is the relationship between form and crystal faces, along with zones and zone symbols, the vectorial properties of crystals, and crystal habit. Tables and illustrations accompany the text.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Crystal Morphology, Crystal Symmetry, Crystallographic Axes
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Crystal Morphology, Crystal Symmetry, Crystallographic Axes
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This site is a lecture from Tulane University that explores the symmetry observed in crystals. Topics covered include crystallographic axes, the crystal lattice, and unit cells. Tables and illustrations accompany the text.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Crystallographic Calculations
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Crystallographic Calculations
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This site is a lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson from Tulane University that discusses crystallographic calculations. Topics include a review of Miller indices, axial ratios, angles corresponding to a Miller Index, and angles between crystallographic axes in monoclinic or triclinic systems. Step by step examples of the calculations are provided, including associated illustrations and diagrams.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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External Symmetry of Crystals, 32 Crystal Classes
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External Symmetry of Crystals, 32 Crystal Classes
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This site is a lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson from Tulane University that explores the 32 possible combinations of symmetry operations that define the external symmetry of crystals. The lecture defines the six crystal systems (triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, hexagonal, and isometric) and explains the derivation of the Hermann-Mauguin symbols (also called the international symbols) used to describe the crystal classes from the symmetry content. Tables and illustrations accompany the text.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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General Classification of Igneous Rocks
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General Classification of Igneous Rocks
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These lecture notes are part of a series of lectures available on the geology department website at Tulane University. Topics covered include criteria for the classification of igneous rocks, field identification of minerals present in hand sample, thin section examination and chemical analysis. The general chemical classification covers silica content (silica saturation), aluminum saturation, and alkaline and subalkaline rocks. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Igneous Rocks of the Continental Lithosphere
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Igneous Rocks of the Continental Lithosphere
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These lecture notes present a discussion of mineralogical classification of granitic rocks, definitions of hypersolvus and subsolvus granites, tectonic and chemical classification, and depth of emplacement of granites. Other topics include pegmatites, continental rhyolites, origin of large volumes of silicic magma, continental flood basalts, continental rift valleys, evolution of rock suites, and peralkaline rhyolites. The notes are in outline format and contain instructional figures, including ternary diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Igneous Rocks of the Convergent Margins
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Igneous Rocks of the Convergent Margins
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This set of lecture notes discusses the occurrence and tectonic settings of igneous rocks near convergent plate margins. A discussion of petrography includes major element composition, calc-alkaline trends in ternary diagrams, trace element variations, isotopes to distinguish magma sources, and the origin of igneous rocks at convergent margins. The lecture notes include helpful illustrations, maps and phase diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Igneous Rocks of the Ocean Basins
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Igneous Rocks of the Ocean Basins
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These lecture notes introduce magmatism and petrology as they relate to the oceanic lithosphere. The notes cover ophiolite sequences and types of volcanic settings found in ocean basins. A section about basalt includes discussion of location, composition and origin of mid-ocean ridge basalts. Ocean island basalts are further discussed with regards to occurrence, composition and origin. These notes include graphs, maps and phase diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Introduction and Symmetry Operations
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Introduction and Symmetry Operations
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This site consists of an introductory lecture on crystal symmetry and symmetry operations. It provides the definition of a mineral and then covers topics including different types of rotational symmetry, mirror symmetry, the center of symmetry, different types of rotoinversion, and combinations of symmetry operations. Drawings help illustrate the concepts presented in the lecture.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Introduction and Textures and Structures of Igneous Rock
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Introduction and Textures and Structures of Igneous Rock
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These lecture notes provide an introduction to igneous rocks. The notes cover information about characteristics of magmas, plutonic rocks, volcanic rocks, and textures of igneous rocks. There are several illustrations within the text. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Magmatic Differentiation
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Magmatic Differentiation
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This set of lecture notes covers a number of topics including magmatic differentiation, chemical variation in rock suites, partial melting, fractional melting, crystal fractionation, Bowen's reaction series, and magma mixing. Graphs discussed include oxides vs. SiO2, and MgO vs. SiO2. The notes are arranged in outline form and contain many informative diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Metamorphic Mineral Assemblages
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Metamorphic Mineral Assemblages
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This set of lecture notes covers factors affecting the mineral assemblages in metamorphic rocks. Topics covered include the phase rule in metamorphism, progressive (prograde) metamorphism, and retrograde metamorphism. Ternary diagrams and chemical reactions are used to explain progressive metamorphism. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Metamorphic Reactions, Isograds, and Reaction Mechanisms
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Metamorphic Reactions, Isograds, and Reaction Mechanisms
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These lecture notes cover types of metamorphic reactions. Topics discussed include univariant and divariant reactions, mineral compatibility diagrams (AFM ternary), metamorphic reaction mechanisms, and metamorphic field gradients. The notes contain many ternary diagrams and graphs illustrating the relationship between pressure, temperature, and mineral composition. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Metamorphic Rock Textures
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Metamorphic Rock Textures
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These lecture notes discuss metamorphic textures and the mechanisms that create them. A discussion of foliation covers types of stress and the development of foliated rocks from slate to gneiss. Five modes of metamorphic differentiation are introduced including preservation of original compositional layering, transposition of original bedding, solution and re-precipitation, preferential nucleation, and migmatization. There are a number of helpful instructional diagrams included in the notes. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Petrology at Tulane University
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Petrology at Tulane University
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This site is the homepage for a petrology class. The primary feature of this site is a comprehensive set of lecture notes. There are 18 separate lectures encompassing igneous and metamorphic petrology and related topics. Lectures include text, figures, maps, and tables, and are available in either HTML format or as PDF files. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Radiometric Dating
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Radiometric Dating
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This set of lecture notes covers the concept of radiometric dating. Topics covered include half-life, parent, and daughter isotopes, Rb/Sr systems, and Ur/Th/Pb systems. Determination of the age of the earth and meteorites are discussed using the geochron. Other methods of dating (Sm/Nd, K/Ar, and Carbon 14) are discussed briefly. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Regional Metamorphism
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Regional Metamorphism
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These lecture notes provide several examples of regional metamorphism. The notes introduce Barrovian Facies metamorphism, using the classic example of the Dalradian and Moinian Series of Scotland. A Barrovian series in the southern Appalachians is also discussed. The Buchan facies series is discussed briefly. Two high-pressure facies series are discussed, the Franciscan in the western US and the Sanbagawa in Japan. Index minerals and paired metamorphic belts are also discussed. The lecture notes contain several geologic maps. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Stereographic Projection of Crystal Faces
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Stereographic Projection of Crystal Faces
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This site features a lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson from Tulane University that explores a systematic way to define crystallographic angles. The lecture discusses crystallographic angles and gives an introduction to the use of stereographic projections for depicting the angular relationships between crystal faces. Scientific illustrations clarify the text.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Structure of the Earth and the Origin of Magmas
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Structure of the Earth and the Origin of Magmas
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This set of lecture notes covers several topics relating to the earth's interior. Seismic waves and the earth's internal structure are discussed. Several mechanisms for the origin of magma are offered. These lecture notes are in outline form with definitions and instructive diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Tectosilicates, Carbonates, Oxides, & Accessory Minerals
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Tectosilicates, Carbonates, Oxides, & Accessory Minerals
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This site from Tulane University consists of a lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson on tectosilicate, oxide and carbonate minerals. The site features a table and description of the minerals in each group, including the nine types of SiO2, the different feldspars, and the calcite group. Optical and physical properties are explained, as well as the environment in which each mineral crystallizes.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Ternary Phase Diagrams
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Ternary Phase Diagrams
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These lecture notes discuss equilibrium crystallization in two component systems. Isotherms and boundary curves are introduced in this section. Other topics discussed include congruently melting intermediate compounds, incongruently melting compounds, and binary solid solution in ternary systems. Annotated phase diagrams are included throughout the text. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Thermodynamics and Metamorphism
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Thermodynamics and Metamorphism
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These lecture notes provide an introductory lesson in thermodynamics to help students better understand the relationships depicted on phase diagrams. The first and third laws of thermodynamics and Gibb's Free Energy are discussed. Solid-solid reactions are covered in the context of the Sillimanite-Kyanite-Andalusite P-T graph. Devolatization reactions, reaction boundaries, and reaction rates are also covered in the notes. The notes contain many graphs relating pressure, temperature, and Gibb's Free energy. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Triangular Plots in Metamorphic Petrology
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Triangular Plots in Metamorphic Petrology
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These lecture notes discuss the use of three component systems in metamorphic petrology. Common triangular plots used in metamorphic rocks are presented with annotated ternary diagrams. The presentation includes four criteria for reducing the number of components in a system to a workable number. There is also discussion of the issue of lost information when reducing the number of components in a system. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Twinning, Polymorphism, Polytypism, Pseudomorphism
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Twinning, Polymorphism, Polytypism, Pseudomorphism
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This site is a lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson from Tulane University that discusses the various nonstandard forms of crystal growth that are characteristic to some minerals. Topics include twinning (contact and penetration, polysynthetic and cyclical), the origins of twinning, and twin laws in the triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal, hexagonal, and isometric systems. Various types of polymorphism in many minerals are discussed as well as polytypism, metamict minerals, mineraloids, and pseudomorphism. Examples of each mechanism in common minerals are given.

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Two Component Phase Diagrams
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Two Component Phase Diagrams
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This site contains lecture notes that are part of a petrology class taught at Tulane University. This section includes a discussion of systems, phases, components, the phase rule, two component eutectic systems, incongruent melting, rocks of varying composition and fractional crystallization, solid solution and exsolution. The lecture notes contain text, definitions and annotated phase diagrams. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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Types of Metamorphism
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Types of Metamorphism
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This set of lecture notes introduces metamorphic grade and type (contact, regional, cataclastic, hydrothermal, burial, shock), and classification of metamorphic rocks. Further topics include texture, protolith, bulk chemical composition, and metamorphic facies. The notes contain definitions and a small number of instructional illustrations. This resource is part of the Teaching Petrology collection. http://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/petrology03/index.html

Subject:
Geology
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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X-Ray Crystallography
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X-Ray Crystallography
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This site from Tulane University consists of an introductory lecture by Dr. Stephen Nelson on X-ray crystallography as it is used in mineral identification. Topics include X-rays and the production of X-rays, the two types of X-ray spectra, continuous and characteristic, X-ray diffraction and Bragg's Law, and the X-ray powder method. Drawings and diagrams help illustrate the concepts presented in the lecture.

Subject:
Geology
Physics
Material Type:
Lecture Notes
Provider:
NAGT Cutting Edge (SERC)
Tulane University
Provider Set:
Earth and Environmental Sciences 2120: Petrology
Author:
Stephen Nelson
Date Added:
10/23/2006
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