Learning Domain: Earth's Place in the Universe
Standard: Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.
Learning Domain: Earth's Place in the Universe
Standard: Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.
Learning Domain: Earth's Systems
Standard: Develop a model based on evidence of Earth's interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection.
Learning Domain: Engineering, Technology, & Applications of Science
Standard: Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.
WY.SCI.HS.LS1.5
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: From Molecules to Organisms: Structure and Processes
Standard: Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy.
WY.SCI.HS.PS1.1
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Matter and Its Interactions
Standard: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
WY.SCI.HS.PS1.2
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Matter and Its Interactions
Standard: Construct an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties, and revise, as needed.
WY.SCI.HS.PS2.1
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Standard: Analyze data to support the claim that Newton's second law of motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration.
WY.SCI.HS.PS2.5
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions
Standard: Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that an electric current can produce a magnetic field and that a changing magnetic field can produce an electric current.
WY.SCI.HS.PS3.1
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Energy
Standard: Create or apply a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.
WY.SCI.HS.PS3.2
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Energy
Standard: Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative position of particles (objects).
WY.SCI.HS.PS3.4
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Energy
Standard: Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system.
WY.SCI.HS.PS4.5
Wyoming Science Content and Performance Standards
Grades 9-12
Learning Domain: Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer
Standard: Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.
Science Domain: Earth and Space Sciences
Topic: Space Systems
Standard: Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the astronomical evidence of the red shift of light from galaxies as an indication that the universe is currently expanding, the cosmic microwave background as the remnant radiation from the Big Bang, and the observed composition of ordinary matter of the universe, primarily found in stars and interstellar gases (from the spectra of electromagnetic radiation from stars), which matches that predicted by the Big Bang theory (3/4 hydrogen and 1/4 helium).]
Science Domain: Earth and Space Sciences
Topic: Space Systems
Standard: Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.] [Assessment Boundary: Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler’s Laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.]
Science Domain: Earth and Space Sciences
Topic: Earth's Systems
Standard: Develop a model based on evidence of Earth’s interior to describe the cycling of matter by thermal convection. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on both a one-dimensional model of Earth, with radial layers determined by density, and a three-dimensional model, which is controlled by mantle convection and the resulting plate tectonics. Examples of evidence include maps of Earth’s three-dimensional structure obtained from seismic waves, records of the rate of change of Earth’s magnetic field (as constraints on convection in the outer core), and identification of the composition of Earth’s layers from high-pressure laboratory experiments.]
Science Domain: Engineering, Technology, and Applications of Science
Topic: Engineering Design
Standard: Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.
Science Domain: Life Sciences
Topic: Matter and Energy in Organisms and Ecosystems
Standard: Use a model to illustrate how photosynthesis transforms light energy into stored chemical energy. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on illustrating inputs and outputs of matter and the transfer and transformation of energy in photosynthesis by plants and other photosynthesizing organisms. Examples of models could include diagrams, chemical equations, and conceptual models.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include specific biochemical steps.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Structure and Properties of Matter
Standard: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. [Clarification Statement: Examples of properties that could be predicted from patterns could include reactivity of metals, types of bonds formed, numbers of bonds formed, and reactions with oxygen.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to main group elements. Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Chemical Reactions
Standard: Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties. [Clarification Statement: Examples of chemical reactions could include the reaction of sodium and chlorine, of carbon and oxygen, or of carbon and hydrogen.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to chemical reactions involving main group elements and combustion reactions.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Forces and Interactions
Standard: Analyze data to support the claim that Newton’s second law of motion describes the mathematical relationship among the net force on a macroscopic object, its mass, and its acceleration. [Clarification Statement: Examples of data could include tables or graphs of position or velocity as a function of time for objects subject to a net unbalanced force, such as a falling object, an object rolling down a ramp, or a moving object being pulled by a constant force.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to one-dimensional motion and to macroscopic objects moving at non-relativistic speeds.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Energy
Standard: Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on explaining the meaning of mathematical expressions used in the model.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Energy
Standard: Develop and use models to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as a combination of energy associated with the motions of particles (objects) and energy associated with the relative positions of particles (objects). [Clarification Statement: Examples of phenomena at the macroscopic scale could include the conversion of kinetic energy to thermal energy, the energy stored due to position of an object above the earth, and the energy stored between two electrically-charged plates. Examples of models could include diagrams, drawings, descriptions, and computer simulations.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Energy
Standard: Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics). [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on analyzing data from student investigations and using mathematical thinking to describe the energy changes both quantitatively and conceptually. Examples of investigations could include mixing liquids at different initial temperatures or adding objects at different temperatures to water.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students.]
Science Domain: Physical Sciences
Topic: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
Standard: Communicate technical information about how some technological devices use the principles of wave behavior and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture information and energy.* [Clarification Statement: Examples could include solar cells capturing light and converting it to electricity; medical imaging; and communications technology.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessments are limited to qualitative information. Assessments do not include band theory.]