This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"For an anesthesiologist, medically induced transitions between conscious and unconscious brain states are just part of the daily routine. But precisely how general anesthetics produce a state of unconsciousness isn’t all that clear. That’s because researchers are missing a key piece to the puzzle: no one has been able to definitively pinpoint exactly where consciousness comes from. The prevailing idea is that there’s no single “seat” of consciousness – it’s more the product of multiple interactions occurring throughout the brain. A recent review article published in the journal Anesthesiology argues that, because of this global network property, the field of network science could provide the framework needed to more comprehensively understand the biological basis of consciousness…and by extension the principles underlying anesthetic-induced unconsciousness..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The clinical practice of anesthesia is nearly two centuries old. But today, how anesthetics suppress consciousness remains a mystery. Specifically, how do molecular-level drug effects translate into macro-level phenomena? A recent review in the journal Anesthesiology looks at how brain slice studies are helping bridge that gap in neuroscience—with recent findings increasingly pointing to the cortex as a critical center of anesthetic action. Anesthesiologists have embraced the acute brain slice method for investigating anesthetic drug effects. Brain slices enable researchers to examine drug actions in isolated, locally connected networks under highly controlled but flexible conditions. Collectively, such studies suggest that both cortical and subcortical regions of the brain, such as the midbrain and thalamus, play important roles in anesthesia, each contributing to both the level of arousal and the content of consciousness..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Everyone has their own view of the nature of consciousness based on their education and background. The intention of this book is to expand this view by providing an insight into the various ideas and beliefs on the subject as well as a review of current work in neuroscience. The neuroscientist should find the philosophical discussion interesting because this provides first-person insights into the nature of consciousness and also provides some subtle arguments about why consciousness is not a simple problem. The student of philosophy will find a useful introduction to the subject and information about neuroscience and physics that is difficult to acquire elsewhere.

Host Harry Kreisler welcomes neurobiologist Christof Koch for a discussion of what biology can tell us about consciousness. He discusses the framework for defining the problem which he developed with Nobel Laureate Francis Crick. He reflects on the ongoing revolution in our understanding of the brain and how technology is impacting the transformation of our neuronal correlates of consciousness. He also discusses the implications of his research for our understanding of manŐs place in the universe. (49 min)

This textbook presents core concepts common to introductory courses. The 15 units cover the traditional areas of intro-to-psychology; ranging from biological aspects of psychology to psychological disorders to social psychology. This book can be modified: feel free to add or remove modules to better suit your specific needs.

This book includes a comprehensive instructor's manual, PowerPoint presentations, a test bank, reading anticipation guides, and adaptive student quizzes.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"When someone loses consciousness, one of the main things that happens is a loss of integrated activity across functionally separate brain networks. But there isn’t a single way of measuring this that tracks with the degree of consciousness. That could soon change given the findings of a new article in the journal Anesthesiology. A group of international researchers examined functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, data and found support for the use of something called the “global brain signal”. The global signal is an average of all gray-matter brain activity across each voxel in a scan, and reflects global coordination at a given time. When there’s high coordination, voxels will all be mostly positive -- or negative -- and the sum will be positive or negative. In contrast, if there’s less coordination, the voxels across the brain won’t match and the values will cancel out..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Advances in cognitive science have resolved, clarified, and sometimes complicated some of the great questions of Western philosophy: what is the structure of the world and how do we come to know it; does everyone represent the world the same way; what is the best way for us to act in the world. Specific topics include color, objects, number, categories, similarity, inductive inference, space, time, causality, reasoning, decision-making, morality and consciousness. Readings and discussion include a brief philosophical history of each topic and focus on advances in cognitive and developmental psychology, computation, neuroscience, and related fields. At least one subject in cognitive science, psychology, philosophy, linguistics, or artificial intelligence is required. An additional project is required for graduate credit.

As global consumers, how do we impact the environment, and communities around the world? Students will learn more about sustainable management practices and what certification on agricultural goods actually means.

This course analyzes seminal work directed at the development of a computational understanding of human intelligence, such as work on learning, language, vision, event representation, commonsense reasoning, self reflection, story understanding, and analogy. It reviews visionary ideas of Turing, Minsky, and other influential thinkers and examines the implications of work on brain scanning, developmental psychology, and cognitive psychology. There is an emphasis on discussion and analysis of original papers; students taking the graduate version complete additional exercises and a substantial term project.

This course is a survey of the scientific study of human nature, including how the mind works, and how the brain supports the mind. Topics include the mental and neural bases of perception, emotion, learning, memory, cognition, child development, personality, psychopathology, and social interaction. Students will consider how such knowledge relates to debates about nature and nurture, free will, consciousness, human differences, self, and society.
Course Format
This course has been designed for independent study. It includes all of the materials you will need to understand the concepts covered in this subject. The materials in this course include:

A full set of Lecture Videos by Prof. John Gabrieli.
Reading Assignments in several books, including one free online textbook and detailed notes on another book.
Assorted multiple choice and short answer questions to Check Yourself on the material in each session.
Supporting Discussion content that elaborates on the lectures and reading.
A rich collection of online resources for Further Study on each session's topics.
A full set of Exams with solution keys, and extra practice questions for review.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Clinicians use a diversity of anesthetic drugs to regulate memory formation, the perception of pain, and other aspects of consciousness during otherwise painful, unpleasant, or anxiety-provoking experiences. These drugs are well known to vary in their effects on human behavior, but the neural processes in the brain that form the basis of this variation are now being uncovered with functional neuroimaging. In a new study published in the journal _Anesthesiology_, researchers compared the effects of midazolam and ketamine. These two commonly used anesthetics differ in their effects on memory formation, pain perception, and the regions of the brain involved in these processes. While inside an MRI scanner, 26 healthy volunteers received a saline infusion and were asked simple “yes-or-no” questions about a series of spoken words, one-third of which were immediately followed by a painful shock..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This course is an introduction to many of the central issues in a branch of philosophy called philosophy of mind.

Openstax Psychology for General Psychology classes. Presented by Dr. Mark Hatala, Professor of Psychology at Truman State University, these videos cover topics from the Openstax textbook for Psychology chapter by chapter.

Topic 4: States of ConsciousnessTextbook readings: pp. 111-140.Watch: The Mind Hidden and Divided -  is the fourteenth program in the DISCOVERING PSYCHOLOGY series. Based on the pioneering research of Sigmund Freud, this program explores how the events and experiences that take place in the subconscious manifest themselves in our conscious lives. You'll learn about repression, the distinction between discovered and false memory syndrome, hypnosis, and split-brain cases.  ©2001 WGBH Educational Foundation All Rights ReservedWatch: The Mind - Series Homepage  Produced by Colorado State University. 1999, all decriptions are from series website. Alcohol Addiction: Hereditary Factors  (module 29)Deals with alcoholism, addiction, biological evidence for hereditary traits, and how science progresses through replication and the development of new technologies.Treating Drug Addiction: A Behavioral Approach (module 30)Provides an example of how drug therapies incorporate the results of research on several levels of behavior, and shows how patients learn to deal with environmental triggers for cravings.Watch: The Brain - Series Homepage Produced by Colorado State University. 1997, all decriptions are from series website.The Brain: Sleep and Circadian Rhythms  (module 13) This module covers our natural rhythms and the stages that occur during sleep. It shows the brain's electrical activity over the course of a normal night's sleep, with its REM and non-REM cycles. The remainder of the module is devoted to an experiment conducted by Michel Siffre, a French cave explorer, in which Siffre spends seven months in a Texas cave. Without external cues, the body is shown to have its own built-in clock.The Brain: Sleep: Brain Functions (module 14)What is the purpose of sleep? This module sets out to answer this question by exploring the patterns of a woman's sleep and dream cycles in the setting of a sleep laboratory. Characteristics of the five stages of sleep and the typical 90-minute cycle are explained. The module also covers sleep disorders and the current techniques used to treat them.The Brain: REM Sleep and Dreaming (module 15)This module probes deeper issues relating to sleep and dreaming. The uniquely individual experience of dreaming requires researchers to look beyond conventional methods of study. Dream specialist Dr. J. Allan Hobson discusses the function of dreams, explaining his theory of the biological mechanism behind the phenomenon and reflecting on the contribution of dreaming to human creativity.*All descriptions come from Annenberg LearningLearning objectives:1.      Define consciousness, circadian rhythm, melatonin, and jet lag.2.      Define sleep and describe possible effects of insufficient sleep (sleep deprivation).3.      Describe two theories (“adaptive” & “cognitive function”) about why we sleep.4.      Describe the different stages of sleep.5.      Describe the symptoms of various sleep disorders, such as insomnia, sleepwalking, REM sleep behavior disorder, sleep apnea and narcolepsy.6.      Explain the difference between physical dependence and psychological dependence in “substance use disorders”.7.      Delineate the different categories of commonly abused drugs. For each category describe potential effects of those drugs on mind and behavior.8.      Define hypnosis and meditation, and explain their relationships to consciousness.

This course provides an introduction to important philosophical questions about the mind, specifically those that are intimately connected with contemporary psychology and neuroscience. Are our concepts innate or are they acquired by experience? And what does it even mean to call a concept 'innate'? Are 'mental images' pictures in the head? Is color in the mind or in the world? Is the mind nothing more than the brain? Can there be a science of consciousness? The course includes guest lectures by philosophers and cognitive scientists.

Intern Prescot Nelson at Succinct Psychology (Psychcinct), under the guidance of professor Daniel Reynolds, created the entire course series for the Psych2e Openstax textbook. We are allowing everyone to share and embed this resource.

Psychology is designed to meet scope and sequence requirements for the single-semester introduction to psychology course. The book offers a comprehensive treatment of core concepts, grounded in both classic studies and current and emerging research. The text also includes coverage of the DSM-5 in examinations of psychological disorders. Psychology incorporates discussions that reflect the diversity within the discipline, as well as the diversity of cultures and communities across the globe.Senior Contributing AuthorsRose M. Spielman, Formerly of Quinnipiac UniversityContributing AuthorsKathryn Dumper, Bainbridge State CollegeWilliam Jenkins, Mercer UniversityArlene Lacombe, Saint Joseph's UniversityMarilyn Lovett, Livingstone CollegeMarion Perlmutter, University of Michigan

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Understand what is meant by consciousnessExplain how circadian rhythms are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle, and how circadian cycles can be disruptedDiscuss the concept of sleep debt