How can we improve the speed of a (deterministic) primality test? Created by Brit Cruise.
Adafruit founder Limor Fried and program manager Federico Gomez Suarez explain how computers represent numbers, text, images, and sound using tiny electric signals.
Smart fabric designer Madison Maxey and founder and maker Danielle Applestone explain the different components that allow computers to input, store, process, and output information.
Brit explains the Caesar cipher, the first popular substitution cipher, and shows how it was broken with "frequency analysis". Created by Brit Cruise.
Adafruit founder Limor Fried and virtual reality designer Nat Brown show how simple logical circuits underlie everything your computer does.
What is the limit of compression? Created by Brit Cruise.
A visual explanation of conditional probability.
Learn a technique for converting decimal numbers into binary numbers using just pen, paper, and calculations. Works best for small numbers, since bigger numbers require increasingly more calculations. Created by Pamela Fox.
Google Security Princess Parisa Tabriz and Jenny Martin from Symantec introduce the most common types of cybercrime, including viruses, malware, DDOS attacks and phishing scams.
Review how the decimal number system works before diving into the binary number system. The decimal number system and binary number system work the same way; the only difference is what each digit represents (0-9 versus 0/1). Created by Pamela Fox.
Walkthrough of Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange. Created by Brit Cruise.
Long before the internet people thought about sending information along wires using static electricity. Created by Brit Cruise.
Mia Epner, who works on security for a US national intelligence agency, explains how cryptography allows for the secure transfer of data online. This video explains 256-bit encryption, public and private keys, SSL & TLS and HTTPS.
WW2 Encryption is explored with a focus on the Enigma. Read more here. Created by Brit Cruise.
How can we communicate in the presence of noise? Created by Brit Cruise.
Measuring the divisibility of a number. Created by Brit Cruise.
A quick outline of how & why it works. Created by Brit Cruise.
Introduction to a key result in elementary number theory using a visualization with beads. Created by Brit Cruise.
Can you tell the difference between actions based upon flipping a coin and those based upon blind guessing or simulating randomness? This short video examines the frequency stability property. Created by Brit Cruise.
Tumblr founder David Karp and Xbox program manager Jasmine Lawrence give a detailed description of how files and webpages are sent and received using HTTP and HTML.
Engineering manager Erica Gomez, program manager Jerome Holman, and Microsoft founder Bill Gates explain how a computer's hardware and software work together.
The origin of letters. Created by Brit Cruise.
The co-founder of the Internet Vint Cerf and software engineer Paola Mejia take us through the ins and outs of how networks talk to each other.
Finally we arrive at our quantitative measure of entropy. Created by Brit Cruise.
Microsoft founder Bill Gates gives a quick overview of the entire How Computers Work series.
Introduction to Channel Capacity & Message Space. Created by Brit Cruise.
How can we quantify/measure an information source? Created by Brit Cruise.
Electric Telegraphs and developments leading to Morse Code. Created by Brit Cruise.
Introduction to Markov chains. Created by Brit Cruise.
Created by Brit Cruise.
Spotify engineer Lynn Root and Vint Cerf, Father of the Internet, explain how information on the Internet is broken down into packets, and how to ensure that information is reliably received.
Learn what it means when a binary number has a 1 in the 1's place or a 1 in every single place. Created by Pamela Fox.
Claude Shannon's idea of perfect secrecy: no amount of computational power can help improve your ability to break the one-time pad. Created by Brit Cruise.
Brit introduces the polyalphabetic cipher, which creates a lighter fingerprint than the Caesar cipher. Created by Brit Cruise.
How can a machine tell us if a number is prime? Created by Brit Cruise.
An attempt at an optimal trial division primality test using the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Created by Brit Cruise.
Random vs. Pseudorandom Number Generators. Created by Brit Cruise.
Why do we need public key cryptography? Created by Brit Cruise.
Introduction to why we would need RSA. Created by Brit Cruise.
Setting up a trapdoor one-way function. Created by Brit Cruise.