This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Cardiac fibrosis, or scarring of heart tissue, is a common finding in many disorders of the heart, including myocardial infarction, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy. A key step in this form of scarring is the transformation of fibroblasts, cells that provide structural, electrical, and chemical support into myofibroblasts, more muscle-like cells expressed only in stressed or failing hearts. A new review explores the important role played by noncoding RNAs in this transformation. Noncoding RNAs, studies are showing, regulate fibrotic scarring through the TGF-β and WNT signaling pathways. TGF-β signaling participates in a variety of heart-related processes, including cardiac repair, hypertrophy, fibrotic remodeling, and fibroblast activation. WNT signaling, meanwhile, is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Crosstalk between the TGF-β and WNT pathways could be responsible for the transcription of genes that promote fibrosis..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

The aim of this presentation is to address different hot topics in our current understanding of aetiology as well as of the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes. We’ll address how genetic as well as epi-genetic and non-genetic mechanisms may be involved in the complex mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. We’ll also introduce recent data suggesting that immature stem-cell functions are likely to play an important role for development of type 2 diabetes and its associated cardiometabolic disturbances. Finally we’ll address the current treatment options of disease with respect of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities.

Course responsible: Associate Professor Signe Sørensen Torekov, MD Nicolai Wewer Albrechtsen & Professor Jens Juul Holst

This text is a compilation of lecture notes from pathophysiology courses I have taught over the last ten years. The goal of the text is to equip future advanced practice nurses with knowledge of pathophysiology for common diseases and disorders they may encounter in the primary care setting.

Physiology The word physiology is from the Ancient Greek φυσιολογία (phusiología, "natural philosophy") and it is the study of how organisms perform their vital functions. An example is the study of how a muscle contracts or the force contracting muscles exert on the skeleton. It was introduced by French physician Jean Fernery in 1552. Physiology is built upon a tripod of sciences: physics, chemistry, and anatomy.

This course addresses the scientific basis for the development of new drugs. The first half of the semester begins with an overview of the drug discovery process, followed by fundamental principles of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, metabolism, and the mechanisms by which drugs cause therapeutic and toxic responses. The second half of the semester applies those principles to case studies and literature discussions of current problems with specific drugs, drug classes, and therapeutic targets.

This course focuses on the fundamentals of tissue and organ response to injury from a molecular and cellular perspective. There is a special emphasis on disease states that bridge infection, inflammation, immunity, and cancer. The systems approach to pathophysiology includes lectures, critical evaluation of recent scientific papers, and student projects and presentations.
This term, we focus on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chronic-active hepatitis, and hepatitis virus infections. In addition to lectures, students work in teams to critically evaluate and present primary scientific papers.

Welcome to the PressBook for Pathophysiology for the PTA. This book is designed to guide the learner through a series of short readings, pictures, videos, and activities to help visualize and apply concepts covered in the course. This PressBook is a “work in progress” and any comments or suggestions are greatly appreciated, as the PressBook is easily corrected or changed to reflect new ideas in health care. Presently, limited chapters are included in the PressBook, but more chapters are being created so that someday soon, all body systems will be covered. For now, only the cardiovascular, pulmonary, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems are included, but expect this PressBook to continually grow and change. In the meantime, enjoy the learning.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"COVID-19, caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, is a significant challenge to health systems worldwide. Its severity appears to be most likely caused by acute inflammation and widespread intravascular coagulation. A recent review examines the molecular basis underlying coagulation and inflammation in COVID-19. Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) typically lies in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane in healthy cells. Under some physiological conditions, PtdSer exposure on the outer leaflet of platelets promotes coagulation factor aggregation. However, in pathophysiological conditions, PtdSer exposure may cause excessive activation of coagulation and in viral infections, this may increase infectivity and viral spread. Evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 exposure may upregulate PtdSer on cell surfaces throughout the body. causing disseminated coagulation throughout the body. In addition, the virus may upregulate the activity of the protein ADAM-17, which has roles in protecting the heart but can also promote inflammation..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Most arthroscopic procedures of the hip involve a perineal post. Positioning patients against this padded column gives surgeons access to the area in need of repair. But a new concept is seeing clinicians go postless. While seemingly gentler on the patient, the effects of this innovation on muscles, nerves, and blood flow had never been captured—until now. New research indicates that this postless approach is a safer arthroscopic alternative that can reduce the risk of unwanted surgical complications. The use of a post in hip arthroscopy poses a risk of complications such as skin tearing, nerve injury, and sexual dysfunction. While past research has proposed that the risk of these complications is relatively low, usually less than 1.5%, new evidence suggests that the number might actually be closer to 25%. For an elective procedure performed mostly on young athletes, that’s a signal for much-needed improvement..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This course provides a comprehensive overview of human pathology with emphasis on mechanisms of disease and diagnostic medicine. Topics include:

Cellular Mechanisms of Disease
Molecular Pathology
Pathology of Major Organ Systems
Review of Diagnostic Tools from Traditional Surgical Pathology to Diagnostic Spectroscopy
Functional and Molecular Imaging
Molecular Diagnostics

In addition to lectures, one of the two weekly sessions includes a 2-3 hour laboratory component. Periodically, time will also be devoted to minicases.
Lecturers
Prof. Jon Aster, Prof. Frederick Bieber, Prof. Carlo Brugnara, Prof. Robert B. Colvin, Prof. Christopher Crum , Prof. Douglas Dockery, Prof. Mel Feany, Prof. Michael Feld, Prof. Jonathan Fletcher, Prof. Michael Gimbrone, Prof. Todd Golub, Prof. Frank B. Hu, Prof. Donald Ingber, Prof. Hart Lidov, Prof. David Louis, Prof. Richard Mitchell, Prof. Fiona Murray, Prof. Mark Redston, Prof. Helmut Rennke, Prof. Bruce Rosen, Prof. Frederick Schoen, Prof. Christine Seidman

The ToxMSDT program is providing 6 case study learning modules to toxicology curious students, professionals and the general public.

An opportunity for graduate study of advanced subjects in Brain and Cognitive Sciences not included in other subject listings. The key topics covered in this course are Bipolar Disorder, Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Genetics of Psychiatric Disorder, DISC1, Ca++ Signaling, Neurogenesis and Depression, Lithium and GSK3 Hypothesis, Behavioral Assays, CREB in Addiction and Depressive Behaviors, The GABA System-I, The GABA System-II, The Glutamate Hypothesis of Schizophrenia, The Dopamine Pathway and DARPP32.