This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-mediated liver disease is a form of toxic inflammation associated with the retention of mutant alpha-1 antitrypsin within cells. Patients with this disease typically show fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. Unfortunately, the mechanism of AATD-mediated liver disease is not well understood. To gain some insight, researchers recently explored the role of extracellular vesicles in the progression of AATD-mediated liver disease. They isolated vesicles from the plasma of individuals with both AATD and liver disease and compared them with vesicles from healthy individuals in terms of cytokine and chemokine expression as well as miRNA expression. Vesicles from individuals with AATD were shown to activate hepatic stellate cells in vitro, which is believed to be one of the first steps of fibrosis. a process mediated by the NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Cirrhosis is a chronic disease involving permanent scarring of the liver And it's currently the 11th leading cause of death worldwide In its most advanced form, the disease impairs kidney function, causing what’s known as hepatorenal syndrome While inflammation is believed to play a role in cirrhosis No studies have examined the link between inflammation and hepatorenal syndrome until now Researchers from Spain tracked inflammation responses in 161 patients hospitalized for advanced cirrhosis Patients who developed hepatorenal syndrome showed a much stronger inflammatory response than those without the disease The relatively small patient sample means that these results should be interpreted with caution But the findings could still provide meaningful clues for treating patients with cirrhosis Helping doctors identify potential targets for slowing disease progression Solé et al..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Students learn the function of the liver and how biomedical engineers can use liver regeneration to help people. Students test the effects of toxic chemicals on a beef liver by adding hydrogen peroxide to various liver and salt solutions. They observe, record and graph their results.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Untreated portal vein thrombosis (PVT) leads to the onset or worsening of portal hypertension Anticoagulation is the mainstay of PVT treatment but its efficacy is not ideal Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) can be used for portal vein recanalization after thrombosis This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated published data on the efficacy and safety of endovascular therapy in PVT The results from 399 patients showed that TIPSS placement was feasible in 95% Major complications occurred in 10%, and additional catheter‐directed thrombolysis was associated with more complications The portal vein recanalization rate was 79% at 12 months The results were limited by a small sample size, largely heterogeneous data and the use of non-controlled, retrospective cohorts This study concluded that TIPSS for PVT recanalization was highly feasible, effective, and safe Randomized trials comparing TIPSS to anticoagulation are therefore needed These future studies will guide c.."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"A new study reports that treating certain liver cells with a metabolite of vitamin A could lead to better disease management, particularly for conditions linked to liver fibrosis. The cells in question are hepatic stellate cells, which play a key role in liver function. In healthy tissue, the cells are mostly inactive. But when the liver is injured, they kick into gear to help repair the damage. The problem is that unabated activation of the cells can lead to the development of conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a global public health concern. The cells can even become permanently activated, triggering more serious conditions like fibrosis or cirrhosis. Liver function often becomes impaired once fibrosis sets in, and the scarring can also provide a fertile environment for tumor growth. For example, hepatocellular carcinoma occurs more frequently in patients with liver cirrhosis than those without it..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.