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Distribution of bacterial genes driving dimethyl sulfide cycling in the polar oceans
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a gas produced by bacteria and algae that gives the ocean its distinctive scent. It also plays an important role in cloud formation, leading scientists to think its production may be instrumental in regulating climate change. But sea ice melt in the polar oceans under global warming has led to a reduction in DMS production, which may further intensify climate warming. To gain a better understanding of how bacteria contribute to DMS production, scientists recently investigated the distribution of bacterial genes involved in DMS cycling in seawater samples collected from around the world. They found evidence that intense DMS cycling facilitated predominantly by Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria occurs in the Arctic and Antarctic oceans, with high involvement of the enzymes DMSP demethylase, DMSP lyases, and trimethylamine monooxygenase..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
03/01/2022
Going With the Floe: A One-Time Drifter
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CC BY-SA
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This article describes a researcher's history of studying sea ice and the dynamic nature of observed changes to the sea ice in the polar regions.

Subject:
Applied Science
Environmental Science
Geoscience
Physical Science
Space Science
Material Type:
Reading
Provider:
Ohio State University College of Education and Human Ecology
Provider Set:
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears: An Online Magazine for K-5 Teachers
Author:
Carol Landis
Date Added:
10/17/2014
Metagenome-assembled genomes of phytoplankton microbiomes from the Arctic and Atlantic
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CC BY
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Phytoplankton communities play major roles in global biogeochemical cycles and marine food webs. However, the complex phytoplankton communities in polar vs. non-polar oceans haven’t been well characterized. To address this gap, researchers recently profiled the metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of eukaryotic microbes and associated prokaryotes from the chlorophyll A maximum layer at 11 sites in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans. Within each ocean, adjacent sampling sites had 51–88% of their MAGs in common, but the Arctic and Atlantic MAGs were clearly differentiated. Most species associations were between Prasinophytes and Proteobacteria. In addition, eukaryotic MAGs were more diverse in the Arctic, while prokaryotic MAGs were more diverse in the Atlantic. For both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, 70% of the detected protein families were shared between Arctic and Atlantic MAGs. but eukaryotic MAGs had more Arctic-only protein families, whereas prokaryotic MAGs had more Atlantic-only protein families..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
05/18/2022
Polar Oceans - Issue 14, May 2009
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This issue of the free online magazine, Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears, explores the characteristics and living systems of the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Instructional resources include ocean-related lessons and informational text about blue whales.

Subject:
Applied Science
Education
Engineering
Material Type:
Lesson Plan
Provider:
Ohio State University College of Education and Human Ecology
Provider Set:
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears: An Online Magazine for K-5 Teachers
Author:
The Ohio State University
Date Added:
10/17/2014
Polar Oceans: Virtual Bookshelf
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CC BY-SA
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This article features children's literature about oceans - specifically the Arctic and Southern Oceans.

Subject:
Applied Science
Environmental Science
Geoscience
Physical Science
Material Type:
Lesson Plan
Provider:
Ohio State University College of Education and Human Ecology
Provider Set:
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears: An Online Magazine for K-5 Teachers
Author:
Julie Moran
Date Added:
10/17/2014
Sulfur intermediates as new biogeochemical hubs in aquatic ecosystems
Unrestricted Use
CC BY
Rating
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This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"The sulfur cycle involves a series of complex aerobic and anaerobic transformations of sulfur-containing molecules. Sulfur transformations are fundamental to cellular and ecosystem-level processes, influencing biological carbon transfers and other biogeochemical cycles. Yet despite the importance of this pathway, the microbial communities and metabolic pathways involved remain poorly understood. A recent study examined these features in an extreme geochemical environment: isolated, ice-capped Lake A in the Canadian High Arctic. Using complementary molecular approaches, researchers found a sharp contrast in the microbial communities and metabolic potentials in the distinct water layers in Lake A. Throughout all layers, sulfur cycling genes were abundant. Oxidative processes were enriched in samples from oxygen-rich freshwater-like layers, while reductive reactions were enriched in the anoxic and sulfidic bottom layers..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

Subject:
Biology
Life Science
Material Type:
Diagram/Illustration
Reading
Provider:
Research Square
Provider Set:
Video Bytes
Date Added:
02/26/2021
Two Miles Below
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CC BY-SA
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This article describes robots that are helping scientists explore the Gakkel Ridge deep below the Arctic Ocean and links to informational text about them. Versions are available for students in grades K-1, 2-3 and 4-5. Related science and literacy activities are included.

Subject:
Applied Science
Environmental Science
Material Type:
Lesson Plan
Provider:
Ohio State University College of Education and Human Ecology
Provider Set:
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears: An Online Magazine for K-5 Teachers
Author:
Stephen Whitt
Date Added:
10/17/2014
Uncharted Territory on the Arctic Seafloor
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CC BY-SA
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This article profiles Dr. Leonid Polyak, a senior research scientist with the Byrd Polar Research Center, The Ohio State University, who studies seafloor sediments from the Arctic Ocean to find clues about the climate conditions of the past.

Subject:
Applied Science
Environmental Science
Geoscience
Physical Science
Material Type:
Reading
Provider:
Ohio State University College of Education and Human Ecology
Provider Set:
Beyond Penguins and Polar Bears: An Online Magazine for K-5 Teachers
Author:
Carol Landis
Date Added:
10/17/2014