Biology is designed for multi-semester biology courses for science majors. It is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand. To meet the needs of today’s instructors and students, some content has been strategically condensed while maintaining the overall scope and coverage of traditional texts for this course. Instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand—and apply—key concepts.

By the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain adaptive immunityCompare and contrast adaptive and innate immunityDescribe cell-mediated immune response and humoral immune responseDescribe immune tolerance

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited disorder characterized by the formation of up to several thousand tumors in the rectum and colon. FAP is usually caused by a mutation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. While the molecular changes linking this mutation to tumor formation are not fully understood, dysregulated apoptosis—a form of programmed cell death—is known to play a prominent role. Now, researchers have uncovered a pattern of expression of an apoptosis-regulating protein that may help explain how FAP tumors form. The protein is called apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain, or ARC. The team examined the expression of ARC in 212 FAP tumor samples from 80 patients. They found that ARC was expressed in the cytoplasm of most tumor cells, as well as in the nuclei..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.

This resource is a video abstract of a research paper created by Research Square on behalf of its authors. It provides a synopsis that's easy to understand, and can be used to introduce the topics it covers to students, researchers, and the general public. The video's transcript is also provided in full, with a portion provided below for preview:

"Colonic stem cells maintain a delicate balance with their surrounding microenvironment. This homeostasis is increasingly disturbed during colon cancer progression, which perpetuates the expansion and invasion of cancerous tissue. To decipher the interactions between colonic stem cells or tumor cells and their microenvironment, researchers examined Wnt signaling in cancer cell lines and patient-derived organoids. Wnt signaling is a major driver of stemness in epithelial cells in the colon and of colorectal cancer. Findings revealed that Wnt activity triggered the expression of the gene LARGE2, which in turn mediates the laminin-adhesive O-glycosylation of α-DG. The result was abnormally increased cellular adhesion to laminin during Wnt-driven cancer progression. While in vivo studies are needed to understand the disease relevance of this Wnt/LARGE2/α-DG axis, the observations could help researchers better understand colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis..."

The rest of the transcript, along with a link to the research itself, is available on the resource itself.