OER Assignment                                                                          

Open Education Resources Assignment

This is the assignment: Needs to be cleaned. 

Topics

1. Open Educational Resources (OER)
2. #Go Open Movement
3. Creative Commons
4. Meta-tagging
5. Cloud-based Applications

Application: There is no application for this assignment.

Introduction

According to United Nations Educational, Science, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) “Open Educational Resources (OERs) are any type of educational materials that are in the public domain or introduced with an open license. The nature of these open materials means that anyone can legally and freely copy, use, adapt and re-share them. OERs range from textbooks to curricula, syllabi, lecture notes, assignments, tests, projects, audio, video and animation” ( UNESCO, 2002). The organization, a forum comprised of many people who were interested in developing together a universal educational resource available for the whole of humanity. The committee chose the term “open educational resources” to describe their efforts.

Open Educational Resources

Open Educational Resources are defined as “technology-enabled, open provision of educational resources for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users

for non-commercial purposes.” They are typically made freely available over the Web or the Internet. Their principal use is by teachers and educational institutions support course development, but they can also be used directly by students. Open Educational Resources include learning objects such as lecture material, references and readings, simulations, experiments and demonstrations, as well as syllabi,curricula and teachers' guides (Wiley, 2006).

Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits sharing, accessing, repurposing—including for commercial purposes—and collaborating with others. Textbooks lack dynamics and flexibility. Advent of internet is making the need for digital curriculum a necessity. Textbooks have created a system where educators do not engage in standards - the need to ditch the script and unpack standards. OER is not about saving money.

Open Educational Resources are openly licensed resource that educators can reuse, revise, remix, redistribute and retain without fear of copyright violations.

The #GoOpen Movement

The #GoOpen movement began 4 years ago with the the help of the U.S. Department of Education to help provide educators with quality materials that are openly licensed (OER) to use in the classroom.  Open Education Resources are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits sharing, accessing, repurposing - including for commercial purposes - and collaborating with others.

Creative Commons

Most projects are using Creative Common Licenses to license their material.  Podcast, screencasting, and videocasting are becoming an increasingly popular way to distribute information. Folksonomic approaches to creating metadata and indexing (“free tagging”) OERs are gaining in popularity with end users (e.g., see http://del.icio.us/ or http://flickr.com/).

Meta-tagging

A folksonomy is the result of a process often called tagging, and involves users applying descriptive keywords to the information they come across. Folksonomies are ad hoc classification schemes invented by web users themselves to categorise the data they find online.

Meta tags are snippets of text that describe a page's content; the meta tags don't appear on the page itself, but only in the page's code. We all know tags from blog culture, and meta tags are more or less the same thing, little content descriptors that help tell search engines what a web page is about(WordStream, 2017).

www.wordstream.com/meta-tags)

The purpose of metatagging The <meta> tag provides metadata about the HTML document. Meta elements are typically used to specify page description, keywords, author of the document, last modified, and other metadata. The metadata can be used by browsers (how to display content or reload page), search engines (keywords), or other web services (W3Schools, 2017). Here is a metatagging site.

Cloud-based Applications

A cloud application, or cloud app, is a software program where cloud-based and local components work together. This model relies on remote servers for processing logic that is accessed through a web browser with a continual internet connection.What is cloud application? - Definition from WhatIs.com

searchcloudapplications.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-application

A cloud app is the evolved web app. It's equally used to access online services over the Internet like web apps but not always exclusively dependent on web browsers to work. It's possible for a customizable, multi-tenancy cloud app to be solely available over the web browser from service providers, but quite often the web-interface is used as alternative access methods to the custom built cloud app for online services.

Cloud apps are usually characterized by advanced features such as:

• Data is stored in a cloud / cloud-like infrastructure
• Data can be cached locally for full-offline mode
• Support for different user requirements, e.g., data backup cloud app with different features such as data compression, security, backup schedule
• Can be used from web browser and/or custom built apps installed on Internet connected devices such as desktops, mobile phones
• Can be used to access a wider range of services such as on-demand computing cycle, storage, application development platforms

Some common examples include Mozy, Evernote, Sugar Sync, Salesforce, Dropbox, NetSuite, and Zoho.com. Other qualifying examples such as web email (Google, Yahoo, Microsoft Hotmail, etc.) may not be so obvious, but they depend on cloud technology and are available off-line if consumers so choose to have them configured as such ( Abubakr, 2012).

The U.S. Department of Education has a webpage and a project dedicated to Open Educational Resources called #GoOpen. The packet is available at #GoOpen District Launch.

Learning, Pedagogy, and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge

The general knowledge about learning theories, learning to think, pedagogical practices and technological-pedagogical practices are addressed in this course. It is expected that you will read the material and use these theories and principles of learning to provide rationale of the teaching-learning events/activities that you design and create.

1. Learning Theory and Learning to Think in a Discipline
2. The Role of Metacognition, Self-Regulated Learning, Expert Learners, Teaching Self-Monitoring Strategies.
3. Constructivism, Instructional Design, and Technology: Implications for Transforming Distance Learning (this article is a tad older than the more recent articles posted, however, there are excellent strategies in this article. You will need this information when writing your self-assessment report.)
4. Pedagogy for the Open Educational Resources  and Instructional Design TPACK: Technological Pedagogical Knowledge

• Technological Knowledge is knowing how to operate the application and the skill to design a product from the technology. This knowledge  and skill includes knowing the functions, capabilities, and limitations of the application software.
• Technological-Content Knowledge is knowing how to use the technology to present the content/subject matter to bring about learning.
• Technological-Pedagogical Knowledge is knowing which instructional strategies are best suited for specific technologies. Technology can support or hinder learning.

1. Pedagogy and Pedagogical Practices

Goals/Objectives

1. Learn about OER: The components of an OER? (define evaluating, curating, and share: how do you share with others in a digital format?)
2. Describe an OER
3. Evaluate (a) OER content for classroom (Evaluating, Curate, and Share) and (b)OER  rubric with peers
4. Develop a plan: discipline or grade level (leadership): identify a system to capture (sharing component) no bookmarking sites
5. Develop professional development plan.

Reading and Resources

1. Read: US DOE Go Open District Launch Packet - Go Open Summit Agenda (example
2. Read OER - Open Educational Educational Resources General Information
3. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lcCfCfZpq8famPEACmjtafvnlJmJP5F433LVGvvCC3A/edit?usp=sharing 

Directions for completing the assignments

1. Read about articles to learn about #Go Open, Open Educational Resources, Creative Commons, Meta-tagging, and Cloud based Applications
2. Create an account in OER Commons and join the OER Commons WilmU Group. 

1. Review this module with directions on how to join groups in OER Commons Module - How to Use Groups on OER Commons (go to timestamp 2:33 in video for directions on joining groups).
2. Next join the OER Commons WilmU Group

1. Determine which activity you will complete from the below choice board.

3. Complete the Self-assessment Rubric. The assignment is to self-assess the project you have created. There is a separate assignment link in Blackboard for your self-assessment rubric.

4. Submit two items for the assignment on the week that the assignment is due.

                a.  The URL for the assignment

                B.  The URL for the Self-assessment rubric or a hard copy (pdf file) of the Self-assessment rubric.

References

Abubakr, T. (20120. Cloud app vs. web app: Understanding the differences. TechRepublic. Retrieved from https://www.techrepublic.com/search/?a=tajudeen+abubakr.

Wiley, D. (2006). History of open educational resources. Hewlett Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.hewlett.org/library/history-of-open-educational-resources.

Wiley, D. iterating toward openness Retrieved from https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/2975

(http://www.oeconsortium.org/info-center/topic/pedagogy-and-oer/

Learning Registry - all Go Open platforms materials will be accessible in Learning Registry based on metadata tagging of materials

Why Open Education Resources Matter - Background video with resources linked

Why #GoOpen? Why now? - US DOE explanation of the why of Go Open

National Educational Technology Plan

Future Ready Schools: Building Technology Infrastructure for Learning

OER Search Engine - Search engine for finding OER resources

OpenEd: Assessments, Homework, Videos, Games, Lesson Plans. Resources aligned to Common Core, PARCC, SBAC, NGSS, TEKS - Search engine for OER resources

A Librarian’s Guide to OER in the Maker Space - Cuje might use?

Open educational resources (OERs) | Jisc -

U.S. Department of Education Announces First-Ever Adviser to Expand Access to Open Digital Resources in Schools

Open Educational Resources (OER) A Fact Sheet for Adult Education

Open Educational Resources: Share, Remix, Learn - LiveBinder

OER will evolve to address the problems we hire it to solve - Christensen Institute

https://www.achieve.org/publications/achieve-oer-rubrics 

W3Schools (2017) HTML Metatagging. Retrieved from https://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_meta.asp.

WordStream (2017). Meta tags - How google meta tags Impact SEO Retrieved from

www.wordstream.com/meta-tags).

Abubakr, T. (20120. Cloud app vs. web app: Understanding the differences. TechRepublic. Retrieved fromhttps://www.techrepublic.com/search/?a=tajudeen+abubakr.