Abstract: This resource is a part of the USGS document entitled "Preliminary Compilation of Descriptive Geoenvironmental Mineral Deposit Models". This chapter of the document describes gold, silver and tellurium vein deposits. Topics include a summary of relevant geologic, environmental, and geophysical information, geologic factors that influence potential environmental effects, and environmental signatures.
Abstract: This USGS document provides a summary of characteristics of gold-silver-tellurium vein deposits. The data includes the geological environment of the deposits such as rock types, textures, age ranges, depositional environment, tectonic setting, and associated deposit types. The deposit description includes information about mineralogy, texture/structure, alteration, ore controls, and weathering. Also included is a list of examples where these vein deposits are found.
Abstract: This web page provides an easy-to-understand description of different uses of geothermal energy in Montana. The text summarizes how heat from the earth's crust can be used to heat greenhouses, spas, or homes. Examples of various uses around the state are described. Factors to consider are also discussed, such as the water temperature, flow rate, and proper permitting.
Abstract: This US Department of Energy site offers a wide variety of information about geothermal energy, including the efforts of the Geothermal Technologies Program to find, access, harness and use the Nation's geothermal resources. Some features of the site include animations about geothermal power, maps of geothermal resources, environmental considerations, photo galleries, information on new research in geothermal technologies, and laws and standards that regulate geothermal energy development.
Abstract: The purpose of the guide is to serve as a first resort for undergraduates, applicable to first, second and third years in environmental sciences, geography and related disciplines. It is sufficient in depth and rigour for final year students but equally valuable as an information resource for those in their "pre-finals" years. It is not a complete guide but serves to review and illustrate the key factors of climate change over time and space. It contains an extensive list of references which the student is urged to consult. This guide represents an up-to-date review of climate change. Throughout, the focus has essentially been on global climate change, although reference to regional scale climatic change has been made if and when necessary. On their own each chapter is a broadly self-contained discussion of a specific sub-issue of importance.
Abstract: This activity asks students make 'back-of-the-envelope' calculations to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide released to the environment by different types of automobiles. It shows students that decisions they make can significantly alter the amount of greenhouse gases they release to the environment. It also helps students learn about exponential growth by calculating how the money saved by purchasing an inexpensive car can be invested to great advantage. The exercise is designed for non-science majors to illustrate important concepts for understanding global warming. It can be modified for higher-level courses and adapted to other courses related to global change. Learning goals, context for use, teaching tips, materials, assessment tips and related resources are provided.
Abstract: This site, published by the EPA, analyzes the costs of reducing emissions from four key methane sources: landfills, natural gas and oil systems, coal mining, and livestock manure management. Because methane can be an efficient fuel, opportunities exist to reduce emissions at low cost by capturing the methane and using it.
Abstract: This site, published by the EPA, discusses the sources of methane emissions, including landfills, coal mining, the oceans and livestock, among others.
Abstract: This National Climate Data Center collection features links to climate data derived from ocean records. These include CLIMAP (sea surface temperature reconstructions), SPECMAP (a reconstruction based on planktonic counts and isotopic values and age and sea surface temperature models), Relative sea level, Calcium carbonate, and Foraminifera (shelled marine microorganisms) data proxies.
Abstract: This site is authored by the Cascades Volcano Observatory and provides an introduction about how the internal heat associated with young volcanic systems has been harnessed to produce geothermal energy. There are brief examples of places where geothermal energy is being used or is being considered for development, including the Newberry Caldera in Oregon, the Geysers geothermal field near Santa Rosa, California, and the Salton Sea in California.
Abstract: This USGS report focuses on Cretaceous rocks in Montana with respect to natural gas and coalbed methane. The study includes the stratigraphy from the top of the Mowry Shale to the base of the Judith River Formation. The project integrates geologic, structural, hydrologic and engineering studies with known and new geochemical data on the gas and co-produced water. The report also facilitates an understanding of the controls on the spatial distribution of potential gas accumulations. Figures, tables, cross-sections and maps can be accessed in PDF format from this location.
Abstract: This two-part activity leads Physical Science students, grades 8-12, to explore chemical change using Winogradsky Columns. Part 1 constructs student concepts concerning chemical and physical changes. Part 2 asks students to compare physical versus chemical changes and observe chemical changes in a Winogradsky Column, and teaches them to build their own column. It includes the following student pages: introductory lesson, Winogradsky Column lesson, challenge your thinking activity sheet, how to make a Winogradsky Column, how to create an observation journal, and journal evaluation sheet.