Keywords: 1929-1945
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Displaying 1-20 of 131 results.
100,000,000 Guinea Pigs : The Dangers of Consumption
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Abstract: In 1927, responding to the seemingly overpowering claims of advertisers and mass marketers, engineer Frederick Schlink and economist Stuart Chase published Your Money's Worth , which argued for an "extension of the principle of buying goods according to impartial scientific tests rather than according ... More »
"80 Rounds in Our Pants Pockets": Orville Quick Remembers Pearl Harbor
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Abstract: The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, stunned virtually everyone in the U.S. military: Japan's carrier-launched bombers found Pearl Harbor totally unprepared. In this 1991 interview, conducted by John Terreo for the Montana Historical Society, serviceman Orville Quick, who was assigned to build ... More »
"A Bill of Rights for the Indians": John Collier Envisions an Indian New Deal
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Abstract: John Collier's appointment as Commissioner of Indian Affairs by Franklin Roosevelt in 1933 marked a radical reversal--in intention if not always in effect--in U.S. government policies toward American Indians that dated back to the 1887 Dawes Act. An idealistic social worker, Collier first encountered ... More »
"A Date Which Will Live in Infamy": FDR Asks for a Declaration of War
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Abstract: The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941, stunned virtually everyone in the United States military. Japan's carrier-launched bombers found Pearl Harbor totally unprepared. President Franklin Roosevelt quickly addressed Congress to ask for a declaration of war as illustrated in ... More »
A Japanese Soldier Describes the Horrors of Guadalcanal
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Abstract: The surprise attack on December 7, 1941, on U.S. military forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, by the Japanese air force was quickly followed by a string of dazzling Japanese military forays. This Japanese "blitzkrieg" captured tens of thousands of Allied military personnel and civilians. Many were subjected ... More »
"A Square Deal?": The Michigan CIO Debates the No-Strike Pledge
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Abstract: In a total war like World War II, the question "Was everyone doing his or her 'part'?" inevitably arose. Immediately following Pearl Harbor, the labor movement made an "unconditional no-strike pledge" to help win the war. In turn, labor won some important concessions from the federal government. Some ... More »
"A Well-Mannered Bandit and a Killer": Little Berta Ballard Remembers Billy the Kid
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Abstract: The New Deal tried to end the Depression by spending government money to employ the jobless. One of its most ambitious efforts, the Works Progress Administration (WPA), put 8.5 million people to work between 1935 and 1943, mostly on projects that required manual labor, but also on projects for artists, ... More »
After work.
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Abstract: Encouraged by the government to back their men at the front
Against Isolationism: James F. Byrnes Refutes Lindbergh
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Abstract: The interwar peace movement was arguably the largest mass movement of the 1920s and 1930s, a mobilization often overlooked in the wake of the broad popular consensus that ultimately supported the U.S. involvement in World War II. The destruction wrought in World War I (known in the 1920s and 1930s as ... More »
"Aluminum for Defense": Rationing at Home during World War II
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Abstract: The productive capacity of the United States during World War II surpassed all expectations. To boost that production and maintain supply levels for troops abroad, Americans at home were asked to conserve materials and to accept ration coupons or stamps that limited the purchase of certain products. ... More »
"An American soldier of the Antitank Co., 34th Regiment who was killed by mortar fire."
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Abstract: Combatants in World War II possessed far greater firepower than ever before. Consequently, the incidence of death and mutilation in units actually fighting the enemy was extremely high, sometimes one in three. World War II was the first war in which combat deaths actually outnumbered fatalities from ... More »
"An Independent Destiny for America": Charles A. Lindbergh on Isolationism
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| Type: | Library or Collection |
Abstract: The interwar peace movement was arguably the largest mass movement of the 1920s and 1930s, a mobilization often overlooked in the wake of the broad popular consensus that ultimately supported the U.S. involvement in World War II. The destruction wrought in World War I (known in the 1920s and 1930s as ... More »
Anacostia flats and flames.
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Abstract: The Bonus March was one of several grassroots movements of the unemployed during the Great Depression that galvanized thousands of men and women and helped focus attention on the role of the federal government in alleviating economic hardship. Twenty thousand World War I veterans marched to Washington ... More »
"Art Within Reach": Federal Art Project Community Art Centers
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Abstract: New Deal arts projects were guided by two novel assumptions: artists were workers and art was cultural labor worthy of government support. That commitment was demonstrated most dramatically in the Federal Art Project (FAP), a relief program for depression-era artists. Some painters and sculptors continued ... More »
Cartoonists on the Picket Line: The Walt Disney Studio Strike
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Abstract: A wave of strikes in 1941 affected at least one West Coast industry previously untouched by the labor movement. By the 1930s, animation had become a significant sector of the Hollywood film industry, its production based on factorylike techniques of mass production. World War II deprived Walt Disney ... More »
"Clear Everything with Sidney": Hillman's Conservative Critics Say It with Limericks
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Abstract: Labor leader Sidney Hillman emerged as a powerful national figure during the Great Depression, in part because of his role as a leader of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), but even more because of his ties to President Franklin Roosevelt and other New Dealers. In 1944 Republican presidential ... More »
Congress Investigates the 1934 San Francisco Strike
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Abstract: The nationwide labor upsurge of 1934 reached its peak in San Francisco. On May 9, 1934, leaders of the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA) called a strike of all West Coast dockworkers, demanding a wage scale, a "closed shop" (union membership as a requirement of employment), and union-administered ... More »
"Continued Employment after the War?": The Women's Bureau Studies Postwar Plans of Women Workers
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Abstract: During World War II, the defense industry expanded and American men mobilized for military service. Many women found jobs previously unavailable to them in aircraft plants, shipyards, manufacturing companies, and the chemical, rubber, and metals factories producing war materials. These jobs paid higher ... More »
"Cutting a New Path": A World War II Navy Nurse Fights Sexism in the Military
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Abstract: In World War II soldiers, sailors, nurses, and airmen often found themselves thrown together with fellow Americans whose experiences and backgrounds were drastically different from their own. Racial segregation was an official policy of the War Department, but gender discrimination was a subtler, if ... More »
Deaf and Unemployed in Dubuque: The DiMarcos Remember the Great Depression
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Abstract: The New Deal launched a series of federal employment programs, including the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which not only provided jobs but also initiated many important studies of the depression_s human toll. One such study, published by the WPA Division of Research in 1939, included transcripts ... More »
