Covers cells and tissues of the immune system, lymphocyte development, the structure and function of antigen receptors, the cell biology of antigen processing and presentation including molecular structure and assembly of MHC molecules, lymphocyte activation, the biology of cytokines, leukocyte-endothelial interactions, and the pathogenesis of immunologically mediated diseases. Consists of lectures and tutorials in which clinical cases are discussed with faculty tutors. Details of the case covering a number of immunological issues in the context of disease are posted on a student Web site.
This exercise presents the concepts of immunology from biochemical, evolutionary, and adaptive standpoints. While all organisms have developed some mechanism of defense against external agents, vertebrates have the most complex immune responses capable of exquisite specificity and long duration. This affords a distinct advantage to species with a relatively long life span and low fecundity. This exercise explores the relationship between immunologic stimulation of the host with foreign antigens and antibody production. The principles of species specificity, primary and secondary immune responses, cross-reactivity, and complement-mediated cell lysis are demonstrated using the red cell agglutination assay. Agglutination occurs when a single antibody molecule binds simultaneously to a surface antigen on two red cells a principle used daily in the diagnosis of viral infections and blood groups incompatibility in humans and other animals.
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