After entering the pupal stage, the adult darkling beetle will emerge. The beetles can then mate and lay eggs, which will hatch into mealworm larvae.

Some animals are capable of concealing themselves against their surroundings. The patterns, colors, or behaviors they show that help them accomplish this are called camouflage.

Many animals (gophers, squirrels, rabbits, etc) dig holes to escape predators and for shelter against harsh environmental conditions, such as intense sunlight.

Many times, an animal's only defense is speed and running away from predators.

This course is designed to provide an understanding of how the human brain works in health and disease, and is intended for both the Brain and Cognitive Science major and the non-Brain and Cognitive Science major. Knowledge of how the human brain works is important for all citizens, and the lessons to be learned have enormous implications for public policy makers and educators. The course will cover the regional anatomy of the brain and provide an introduction to the cellular function of neurons, synapses and neurotransmitters. Commonly used drugs that alter brain function can be understood through a knowledge of neurotransmitters. Along similar lines, common diseases that illustrate normal brain function will be discussed. Experimental animal studies that reveal how the brain works will be reviewed. Throughout the seminar we will discuss clinical cases from Dr. Byrne's experience that illustrate brain function; in addition, articles from the scientific literature will be discussed at each class.

Many organisms are in a constant predator-prey relationship with other organisms in nature. Over time, prey species develop specialized structures or behaviors to help them better survive against predation. This is called an adaptation.

Exercise is a vital component of staying fit and healthy. There are two main types of workouts. Cardio workouts work to maintain and strengthen the cardiovascular system and burn calories. Weight training workouts work to build muscle and tone the body so that it can move more easily and increase flexibility. Both kinds of workouts should be incorporated to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Species that are not native in a particular area can change the food chain and the environment of the area. Organisms, called biological control agents, may need to be introduced to control the effects of the non-native species.

Frogs eat insects, and frogs are in turn eaten by larger animals such as birds. Frogs hibernate, or more correctly, they estivate. During estivation, frogs lowers their body temperatures in cold weather and go into a kind of dormancy. Frogs can "migrate" in that they move across land to find ponds and water sources.

Grass lawns need to be cut every so often because the grass will grow too long. Some weeds have adapted and grow back with the grass after being cut back.

Ragweed is used in some experiments as a fast-growing grass. After being cut or trimmed, it will continue to grow at a steady rate.

The tentacles of the sea anemone contain stinging cells that may eject poison to kill prey and also defend against predators. The sea slug is a predator of the sea anemone.

This is what can be grown from a single potato, or even part of a potato. You can cut a potato into sections and a new plant will develop as long as a potato eye is included in the cut section.

The iguana is better able to avoid being eaten by camouflaging with the leaves.

The insect is better able to avoid being eaten by camouflaging with the leaves.

Living things often rely on non-living things to accomplish daily tasks. Living things have several characteristics that non-living things do not, such as the ability to move, eat, breathe, and reproduce. Living things and non-living things can interact even though they do not have the same characteristics.

Mealworms reproduce by laying eggs. These eggs hatch into larvae. The larvae grow by shedding their skins and leaving them behind.

Mealworms are usually kept in bran so that they can easily burrow into it if they feel scared and need shelter.

Mealworms go from the larval stage to the pupal stage. In the pupa, they transform into the adult beetle.